Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,949 questions · 1,994 findings · 636 reviews

No studies found 504 · 25.3%GRADE not reported 340 · 17.1%Very low 477 · 23.9%Low 390 · 19.6%Moderate 241 · 12.1%High 42 · 2.1%

Antihistamine‐analgesic vs placebo

Adverse effects: drowsiness, hypersomnia, and excessive sleepiness · otherwise healthy adults and children with common cold symptoms

Antihistamine‐analgesic showed no clear difference in adverse effects: drowsiness, hypersomnia, and excessive sleepiness compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vigabatrin vs placebo

Adverse effect: fatigue · people (aged 10–64 years) with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Vigabatrin may leads to higher adverse effects: fatigue Duration of treatment (range): 8–36 weeks compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects experienced by mother and/or fetus or nursing baby · women with a history of postnatal depression
1 finding from 1 review

Alginate dressing vs hydrocolloid dressing

Number of participants reporting an adverse event · people with venous leg ulcers

It is very uncertain whether alginate dressing changes proportion of participants experiencing adverse effects at 6 weeks compared with hydrocolloid dressing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

QUETIAPINE vs RISPERIDONE

Adverse effects: 3. Metabolic weight gain ≥7% of total body weight · schizophrenia

QUETIAPINE showed no clear difference in adverse effects: 3. Metabolic weight gain ≥7% of total body weight compared with RISPERIDONE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levetiracetam vs placebo

Adverse effects: headache · people with drug‐resistant focal epilepsy

Levetiracetam showed no clear difference in adverse effects: 5 most common adverse effects (any age) – headache compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Adverse effects experienced by mother and/or foetus or nursing baby · women with a history of postnatal depression
1 finding from 1 review

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors vs tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)

Adverse effects during antidepressant treatment period (0‐12 weeks) · adults living with HIV and depression

It is very uncertain whether selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) changes adverse effects during antidepressant treatment period (0‐12 weeks) compared with tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antidepressants vs placebo

Adverse effects during antidepressant treatment period (0‐12 weeks) · adults living with HIV and depression

It is very uncertain whether antidepressant changes adverse effects during antidepressant treatment period (0‐12 weeks) compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine vs 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine

Adverse effects: pain following injection · Participants of any age and gender undergoing dental procedures, and volunteers who took part in simulated scenario studies in which…

4% articaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine probably leads to higher adverse effects: pain following injection, Heft-Parker VAS 0-170 mm compared with 2% lidocaine, 1:100,000 epinephrine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intravenous immunoglobulin with or without standard care vs placebo or usual care

Serious adverse events Analysis 11.2 · children with acute encephalitis

It is very uncertain whether intravenous immunoglobulin with or without standard care changes ≥ 1 serious adverse event RR (M‐H, random‐effects analysis, 95% CI) compared with standard care alone or placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review