Non-Cochrane · intervention · PM42010612
Comparison and ranking of interventions for temporomandibular disorders-myofascial pain syndrome: a Bayesian network meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.
Ma Feihong, Jia Binkui, Liu Zhi, et al. · BMC oral health · 2026 · PubMed · doi:10.1186/s12903-026-08373-9
Findings
107 findings
| Population | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Laser treatment | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: direct evidence only | SMD -0.85 [-1.9, 0.31] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Laser treatment | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: indirect evidence only | SMD -1.1 [-3.3, 1.1] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Laser treatment | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) Unresolved: the two extractors disagree on this row. | SMD -0.91 [-1.58, -0.13] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Bite plate treatment | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.99 [-2.24, 0.1] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.61 [-1.46, 0.29] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: indirect evidence only | SMD -0.49 [-2.3, 1.4] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: direct evidence only | SMD -0.69 [-2.2, 0.80] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.4 [-2.77, 0.06] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 66.6 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Acupuncture | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.26 [-1.01, 0.5] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.42 [-2.81, 0.02] Very low Downgraded: imprecision, indirectness Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 67.5 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.11 [-1.01, 1.22] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Biofeedback intervention | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 11.2 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.24 [-1.57, 1.08] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.03 [-2.4, 0.37] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Ischemic compression | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 88.7 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -2.21 [-3.63, -0.75] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency, indirectness Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Botulinum toxin injection | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 66.5 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.45 [-2.84, 0.06] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Platelet-rich plasma | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 68.6 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.45 [-2.21, -0.56] Low Downgraded: risk of bias, inconsistency Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Lidocaine injection | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 91.7 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -2.37 [-3.67, -0.9] Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, indirectness Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Bite plate treatment | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.09 [-1.45, 1.05] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: indirect evidence only | SMD 0.16 [-1.9, 2.1] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.3 [-0.6, 1.15] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: direct evidence only | SMD 0.36 [-1.2, 2.0] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.49 [-1.92, 0.93] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Acupuncture | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.66 [-0.44, 1.65] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.51 [-1.95, 0.89] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.02 [-0.37, 2.29] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.67 [-0.89, 2.13] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.12 [-1.72, 1.41] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.3 [-2.94, 0.27] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.55 [-2.13, 1.09] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.54 [-1.61, 0.57] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Laser treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.46 [-2.99, 0.13] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.38 [-0.93, 1.87] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.42 [-2.08, 1.49] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Acupuncture | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.73 [-0.57, 2.22] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.43 [-2.1, 1.47] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.1 [-0.45, 2.79] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.74 [-0.94, 2.62] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.04 [-1.77, 1.88] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.23 [-2.97, 0.73] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.47 [-2.18, 1.57] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.47 [-1.77, 1.13] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Bite plate treatment | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.39 [-3.04, 0.6] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.79 [-1.89, 0.35] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Acupuncture | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.36 [-0.82, 1.49] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.8 [-1.93, 0.31] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.73 [-0.73, 2.11] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.37 [-1.24, 1.93] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.42 [-2.06, 1.23] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.61 [-3.28, 0.08] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.84 [-2.48, 0.89] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.85 [-1.99, 0.4] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Oral orthodontic appliance | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.76 [-3.33, -0.07] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Acupuncture | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.14 [-0.52, 2.71] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.02 [-1.62, 1.54] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.51 [-0.35, 3.27] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.15 [-0.84, 3.06] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.36 [-1.63, 2.35] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.8 [-2.85, 1.19] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.05 [-2.04, 1.99] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.05 [-1.67, 1.62] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Oral orthodontic appliance plus lidocaine injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.97 [-2.93, 1.05] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.16 [-2.74, 0.47] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.37 [-0.99, 1.7] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.02 [-1.09, 1.11] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.77 [-1.92, 0.4] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.95 [-3.14, -0.71] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.19 [-2.63, 0.38] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: indirect evidence only | SMD -1.3 [-3.7, 1.1] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.19 [-2.07, -0.19] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) · Node-splitting: direct evidence only | SMD -0.96 [-2.7, 0.72] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Acupuncture | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -2.12 [-3.49, -0.58] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Biofeedback intervention | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.53 [-0.31, 3.3] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 1.18 [-0.78, 3.09] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.39 [-1.6, 2.37] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.79 [-2.82, 1.21] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.04 [-1.98, 2.05] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.04 [-1.61, 1.64] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Transcutaneous electrical stimulation | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.96 [-2.86, 1.07] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Manual therapy | Biofeedback intervention | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.36 [-2.09, 1.41] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Biofeedback intervention | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.14 [-2.87, 0.67] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Biofeedback intervention | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -2.33 [-4.09, -0.5] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Biofeedback intervention | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.56 [-3.31, 0.35] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Biofeedback intervention | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.56 [-2.85, -0.1] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Biofeedback intervention | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -2.48 [-4.16, -0.62] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Manual therapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.79 [-2.38, 0.82] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Manual therapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.96 [-3.58, -0.31] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Manual therapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.2 [-3.02, 0.72] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Manual therapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.21 [-2.6, 0.31] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Manual therapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -2.13 [-3.87, -0.23] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Ischemic compression | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.17 [-2.54, 0.22] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.41 [-2.29, 1.54] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.42 [-1.91, 1.12] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Muscle relaxant pharmacotherapy | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -1.34 [-3.16, 0.6] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Botulinum toxin injection | Ischemic compression | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.76 [-1.12, 2.75] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Ischemic compression | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD 0.75 [-0.73, 2.35] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Ischemic compression | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.16 [-2.01, 1.78] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Platelet-rich plasma | Botulinum toxin injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.01 [-1.18, 1.19] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Botulinum toxin injection | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.92 [-2.55, 0.7] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorders myofascial pain syndrome (TMD-MPS) | Lidocaine injection | Platelet-rich plasma | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS), short-term Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment; assessment closest to the end of this period) · Clinical trials in 8 or more countries (Iran, Turkey, Italy, Brazil, Sweden, Spain, Poland, Lithuania) | SMD -0.92 [-2.03, 0.21] GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
| Adults (18 years or older) with temporomandibular disorder myofascial pain syndrome | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) | All other interventions in the network | SUCRA ranking for short-term pain relief (higher is better) Short-term (0 to 4 weeks after treatment) | SUCRA 10.7 GRADE not reported Studies not reported |
Included primary studies 14
Open in Studies| Study | Year | Also included by | Outcomes it informs here | Trial data |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diracoglu 2012 Effectiveness of dry needling for the treatment of temporomandibular myofascial pain: a double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled study. PMID:23220812 | 2012 | 2 other reviews | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Garcia-de la-Banda-Garcia 2023 Effectiveness of Dry Needling versus Manual Therapy in Myofascial Temporomandibular Disorders: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial. PMID:37763182 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Magri 2019 Follow-up results of a randomized clinical trial for low-level laser therapy in painful TMD of muscular origins. PMID:31585522 | 2021 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Nitecka-Buchta 2019 Platelet-Rich Plasma Intramuscular Injections - Antinociceptive Therapy in Myofascial Pain Within Masseter Muscles in Temporomandibular… PMID:30941095 | 2019 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Serrano-Hernanz 2023 Pressure release technique versus placebo applied to cervical and masticatory muscles in patients with chronic painful myofascial… PMID:37163204 | 2023 | 1 other review | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Canales 2020 (Camara-Souza 2021) Botulinum toxin type A and acupuncture for masticatory myofascial pain: a randomized clinical trial. PMID:34105695 | 2021 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Cattaneo 2019 A Device Improves Signs and Symptoms of TMD. PMID:31198477 | 2019 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Guarda-Nardini 2012 Myofascial pain of the jaw muscles: comparison of short-term effectiveness of botulinum toxin injections and fascial manipulation technique. PMID:22606852 | 2012 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Khiavi 2020 Efficacy of Low-Level Laser, Hard Occlusal Appliance and Conventional Pharmacotherapy in the Management of Myofascial Pain Dysfunction… PMID:32099625 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Oz 2010 Management of myofascial pain: low-level laser therapy versus occlusal splints. PMID:21119408 | 2010 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Ozkan 2011 Trigger point injection therapy in the management of myofascial temporomandibular pain. PMID:21935818 | 2011 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sakalys 2020 Plasma rich in growth factors injection effectiveness for myofascial pain treatment in masticatory muscles. Randomised controlled trial. PMID:32271467 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Serritella 2020 Local Vibratory Stimulation for Temporomandibular Disorder Myofascial Pain Treatment: A Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled… PMID:33354268 | 2020 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
| Sousa 2024 Effect of dry needling, ischemic compression and cross-taping of the masseter in patients with orofacial myofascial pain: a randomized… PMID:39839663 | 2024 | this review only | not stated | not extracted yet |
Overlap with other reviews
Reviews that include the same primary studies are not independent evidence. Shared counts match studies by PMID, DOI or NCT, and otherwise by author and year (a probable match). Only the non-Cochrane dental reviews have study lists, so overlap with Cochrane reviews is not counted yet.
Review question
| Element | Planned (methods) | Found (results) |
|---|---|---|
| Population | Patients aged 18 years or older with a clinical diagnosis of TMD-myofascial pain syndrome | 674 adults with TMD-myofascial pain syndrome (14 RCTs) |
| Intervention | Physical therapies (laser, manual therapy), appliance-based therapies (bite plate, oral appliance), pharmacological or injection therapies (lidocaine, PRP, botulinum toxin), other treatments | 14 nodes: BT, LT, BP, OA, OA+LI, AC, TES, BI, MT, MP, IC, BTI, PRP, LI |
| Comparison | Placebo/sham, blank control, basic treatment, or other active interventions | Basic treatment (sham/placebo or minimal conservative pharmacotherapy) as common reference; 15 direct comparisons |
| Outcomes | Change in pain intensity (VAS or NRS) | Change in pain intensity (SMD); SUCRA rankings |
| Study designs | RCTs | 14 RCTs (n=674) |
| Timing | Short-term, 0 to 4 weeks after treatment | Mostly 0 to 4 weeks after treatment |
AMSTAR 2 items
Two independent extractors rated each item. Their ratings are shown side by side because they have not been reconciled yet. The overall rating follows Shea et al. 2017: one critical flaw gives Low, more than one gives Critically Low.
| Item | Extractor A | Extractor B | Agree |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1Research question includes PICO components | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 2Protocol established before the reviewcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 3Choice of study designs explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 4Comprehensive literature searchcritical | Partial Yes | Partial Yes | yes |
| 5Study selection in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 6Data extraction in duplicate | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 7List of excluded studies with reasonscritical | No | No | yes |
| 8Included studies described in detail | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 9Risk of bias assessed satisfactorilycritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: N/A | NRSI: N/A · RCT: Yes | no |
| 10Funding of included studies reported | No | No | yes |
| 11Appropriate meta-analysis methodscritical | RCT: Yes · NRSI: N/A | NRSI: N/A · RCT: Yes | no |
| 12Impact of risk of bias on the pooled results | No | No | yes |
| 13Risk of bias accounted for in interpretationcritical | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 14Heterogeneity explained | Yes | Yes | yes |
| 15Publication bias investigatedcritical | No | No | yes |
| 16Conflicts of interest reported | Yes | Yes | yes |
| Overall | Critically Low | Critically Low | yes |