Cochrane · intervention · CD006202

Home‐based chemically‐induced whitening (bleaching) of teeth in adults

Eachempati, P, Kumbargere Nagraj, S, Kiran Kumar Krishanappa, S, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2018 · Cochrane Library

Oral Health Esthetic dentistry2 versionsAMSTAR 2: not assessed

Full textEvery question was extracted from the full review (methods and results), not only its Summary of Findings table.

Questions

current version

GRADE rated

No studies

Included studies

as reported

No studies 7 · 8.6%Ungraded 21 · 25.9%Very low 50 · 61.7%Low 3 · 3.7%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.

Review question

Element	Planned (methods)	Found (results)
Population	Home‐based whitening involving adults who were 18 years old and above were included in our review regardless of gender, race, profession, geographical location or baseline tooth shade. We included participants with teeth stained because of tetracycline use and smoking	Seventy studies were in the English language, one was in German. The countries of origin for the included studies were forty‐two from the USA, three trials were from Brazil, five from Germany, four from Italy, four from the UK, three from Spain, two from Switzerland, two from Hong Kong, one from China, two from Turkey, one from Japan, one from Canada, and one from Ireland. The minimum age included in a study was 18 years and the maximum age included in a study was 79 years. The minimum sample size was six and the maximum sample size was 117 with a median value of 58
Intervention	Any intervention including home‐based chemically‐induced whitening with comparisons of different interventions; intervention versus placebo or no treatment; comparisons between different concentrations; comparisons between different time periods of application	CP gel in tray (n=6); HP gel in tray (n=2); HP strips (n=10); CP paint‐on gel (n=1); HP paint‐on gel (n=2); SHMP chewing gum (n=3); STPP chewing gum (n=1); HP mouthwash (n=1); CP tray versus CP tray (n=18); CP tray versus HP tray (n=7); HP strips versus CP tray (n=10); HP strips versus HP tray (n=2); HP strips versus HP strips (n=2); HP strip versus HP mouthwash (n=1); CP paint‐on versus HP strip (n=2); HP paint‐on versus HP strip (n=2); SPC paint‐on versus HP strip (n=1); CP paint‐on versus CP paint‐on (n=2); CP paint‐on versus HP paint‐on (n=1); HP paint‐on versus HP paint‐on (n=1); SPC paint‐on versus CP paint‐on (n=1); SPC paint‐on versus HP paint‐on (n=1)
Comparison	Placebo/No treatment/Other comparable products	Placebo (n=26); No treatment (n=2)
Outcomes	Tooth whitening assessed by the dentist using any relevant tool; Tooth whitening reported by the patient using any relevant tool; Patient satisfaction or acceptability of the tooth whitening procedure; Adverse effects; Oral health‐related quality of life	Tooth whitening assessed by the dentist (n=69); Tooth whitening reported by the patient (n=11); Patient satisfaction or acceptability (n=8); Adverse effects (n=57); Oral health‐related quality of life (n=3)
Study designs	Randomised controlled clinical trials comparing dentist‐dispensed or over‐the‐counter (OTC) tooth whitening products (with chemical, bleaching action) with placebo or other comparable products	NR
Timing	Outcome data had to be presented for tooth whitening, irrespective of the application time	Outcome data had to be presented for tooth whitening, irrespective of the application time. Long‐term results were reported by some studies at 3 months and 6 months

Search date: 2018-06. Databases: Cochrane Oral Health's Trials Register; Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL); MEDLINE Ovid; Embase Ovid