Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,377 questions · 1,433 findings · 149 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 326 · 22.7%GRADE not reported 87 · 6.1%Very low 440 · 30.7%Low 364 · 25.4%Moderate 190 · 13.3%High 26 · 1.8%

Training vs no intervention

General well‐being

4 findings from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
744 participants
Very low
Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
129 participants
Very low
Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
547 participants
Low

Show 1 more finding

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 77 participants
Very low

Training vs no intervention

Well‐being Higher score better Mid‐term cRCT + RCT Off the job/interaction training

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 601 participants
Very low

Treadmill training vs no treadmill training or active control intervention or gait training

acceptability and safety of treadmill training ‐ Active control group (co‐interventions were similar in both groups) Number of adverse events and drop‐outs · people with Parkinson's disease

1 finding from 1 review

Treadmill training for patients with Parkinson's disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 531 participants
Moderate

Treadmill training vs no treadmill training or active control intervention or gait training

acceptability and safety of treadmill training ‐ No intervention control group (co‐interventions were not similar in both groups) Number of adverse events and drop‐outs · people with Parkinson's disease

1 finding from 1 review

Treadmill training for patients with Parkinson's disease 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 102 participants
Low

Training vs other training

Stress Lower score better Short‐term cRCT

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
98 participants
Very low

Respiratory muscle training vs sham training or no training

Maximal inspiratory pressure (cmH2O) Postintervention for insp. training at 10 weeks, for exp. training after 2‐3 months · people with multiple sclerosis

1 finding from 1 review

Respiratory muscle training for multiple sclerosis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 56 participants
Low

Respiratory muscle training vs sham training or no training

Maximal expiratory pressure (cmH2O) Postintervention for insp. training at 10 weeks, for exp. training after 2‐3 months · people with multiple sclerosis

1 finding from 1 review

Respiratory muscle training for multiple sclerosis 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 56 participants
Low

Non‐invasive ventilation during exercise training vs exercise training alone or exercise training with sham non‐invasive ventilation

Training intensity: fInal training session (% baseline peak work capacity) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐invasive ventilation during exercise training for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 67 participants
Moderate

Training vs no intervention

Stress Lower score better Short‐term cRCT

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
157 participants
Very low

Training vs placebo

Stress Lower score better Mid‐term CBA

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
357 participants
Low

Training vs placebo

Absenteeism

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
174 participants
Low

Training vs placebo

Well‐being Higher score better Mid‐term cRCT + RCT Off the job/interaction training

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 57 participants
Very low

Training vs no intervention

Stress Lower score better Mid‐term CBA

2 findings from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
304 participants
Very low
Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
368 participants
Very low

Training vs no intervention

Stress 1 month

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
145 participants
Very low

Training vs no intervention

Absenteeism

1 finding from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
164 participants
Very low

Training vs no intervention

Well being: Short Form ‐36

2 findings from 1 review

Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
337 participants
Very low
Human resource management training of supervisors for improving health and well‐being of employees 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
143 participants
Very low

Mindfulness vs control

Smoking cessation · people who smoke

Mindfulness training showed no clear difference in mindfulness training vs matched‐intensity smoking cessation… compared with control (low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review

Mindfulness for smoking cessation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.99 [0.67, 1.46]
3 studies · 542 participants
Low
Mindfulness for smoking cessation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.19 [0.65, 2.19]
5 studies · 813 participants
Very low
Mindfulness for smoking cessation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.81 [0.43, 1.53]
1 study · 325 participants
Low

Show 1 more finding

Mindfulness for smoking cessation 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.43 [0.56, 3.67]
1 study · 86 participants
Very low

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Mixed/regular word reading accuracy · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 701 participants
Low

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Non‐word reading accuracy · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
10 studies · 682 participants
Low

Phonics training vs control (no training or alternative training)

Irregular word reading accuracy · English‐speaking poor readers

1 finding from 1 review

Phonics training for English‐speaking poor readers 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
4 studies · 294 participants
Moderate