Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

1,520 questions · 1,575 findings · 175 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 239 · 15.2%GRADE not reported 59 · 3.7%Very low 337 · 21.4%Low 406 · 25.8%Moderate 410 · 26%High 124 · 7.9%

Closest answers

The findings closest to your search, judged one by one by TypeSafe's Jev model.

Direct match · question page
- Steroids vs lubricants · Change in fluorescein corneal staining scores (lower is favored)
  Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 3583 participants
  Moderate
Direct match · question page
- Steroids vs lubricants · Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored)
  Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 3654 participants
  Moderate
Direct match · question page
- Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids · BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age
  Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.08 [0.88, 1.32]
  3 studies · 429 participants
  Low
Direct match · question page
- Steroids vs cyclosporine A · Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored)
  Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  6 studies · 465 participants
  Low
Direct match · question page
- Steroids vs lubricants · Change in patient‐reported quality of life scores
  Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Corticosteroids vs no corticosteroid use

Incidence of any serious adverse effects attributable to the administration of corticosteroids · children diagnosed with Kawasaki disease

1 finding from 1 review

Corticosteroids for the treatment of Kawasaki disease in children 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 737 participants
Moderate

Inhaled corticosteroids vs placebo

Open‐label use of systemic corticosteroids · preterm infants

It is very uncertain whether inhaled corticosteroids changes open‐label use of systemic corticosteroids compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Late (≥ 7 days) inhaled corticosteroids to reduce bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.51 [0.26, 1]
4 studies · 74 participants
Very low

Steroids vs lubricants

Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye

Steroids showed no clear difference in change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) compared with lubricants (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 3654 participants
Moderate

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Change in TBUT (seconds) (longer is favored) · people with dry eye

Steroids showed no clear difference in change in TBUT (seconds) (longer is favored) compared with cyclosporine A (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.37
5 studies · 353 participants
Low

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Change in fluorescein corneal staining scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye

Steroids showed no clear difference in change in fluorescein corneal staining scores (lower is favored) compared with cyclosporine A (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
SMD 0.05
6 studies · 465 participants
Low

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Change in tear osmolarity (mOsm/kg) (lower is favored) · people with dry eye

It is very uncertain whether steroids changes change in tear osmolarity (mOsm/kg) (lower is favored) compared with cyclosporine A (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 5.8
1 study · 69 participants
Very low

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Adverse effect: incident elevated IOP ( · people with dry eye

It is very uncertain whether steroids changes adverse effect: incident elevated IOP ( compared with cyclosporine A (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.45 [0.25, 8.33]
4 studies · 331 participants
Very low

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Adverse effect: cataract · people with dry eye

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Steroids vs lubricants

Change in patient‐reported quality of life scores · people with dry eye

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Steroids vs lubricants

Change in TBUT (seconds) (longer is favored) · people with dry eye

Steroids may leads to higher change in TBUT (seconds) (longer is favored) compared with lubricants (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 0.7 [0.06, 1.34]
7 studies · 587 participants
Low

Steroids vs lubricants

Change in fluorescein corneal staining scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye

Steroids showed no clear difference in change in fluorescein corneal staining scores (lower is favored) compared with lubricants (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
15 studies · 3583 participants
Moderate

Steroids vs lubricants

Change in tear osmolarity (mOsm/kg) (lower is favored) · people with dry eye

It is very uncertain whether steroids changes change in tear osmolarity (mOsm/kg) (lower is favored) compared with lubricants (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
MD 1.6
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Steroids vs lubricants

Adverse effect: incident elevated IOP ( · people with dry eye

It is very uncertain whether steroids changes adverse effect: incident elevated IOP ( compared with lubricants (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 5.96 [1.3, 27.38]
8 studies · 2264 participants
Very low

Steroids vs lubricants

Adverse effect: cataract · people with dry eye

It is very uncertain whether steroids changes adverse effect: new cataract formation ( compared with lubricants (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.34 [0.01, 8.22]
3 studies · 1205 participants
Very low

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) · people with dry eye

Steroids showed no clear difference in change in patient‐reported symptom scores (lower is favored) compared with cyclosporine A (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 465 participants
Low

Steroids vs cyclosporine A

Change in patient‐reported quality of life scores · people with dry eye

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Topical corticosteroids for dry eye 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Death or bronchopulmonary dysplasia at 36 weeks PMA · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in death or BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.04 [0.86, 1.26]
1 study · 292 participants
Moderate
Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.83, 1.05]
1 study · 78 participants
Low

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Diastolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids probably leads to lower diastolic blood pressure > 95th percentile at 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 69 participants
Moderate

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Ever diagnosed as asthmatic by 7 years · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in ever diagnosed as asthmatic by 7 years compared with systemic steroids (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.87 [0.55, 1.39]
1 study · 73 participants
Moderate

Inhaled steroids vs systemic steroids

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease · Neonates with developing BPD

Inhaled steroids showed no clear difference in BPD at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age compared with systemic steroids (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Inhaled versus systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of bronchopulmonary dysplasia in ventilated very low birth… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.08 [0.88, 1.32]
3 studies · 429 participants
Low