Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

23 questions · 23 findings · 4 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 2 · 8.7%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 11 · 47.8%Low 4 · 17.4%Moderate 4 · 17.4%High 2 · 8.7%

Nitrous oxide vs carbon dioxide

Cardiopulmonary complications · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitrous oxide changes cardiopulmonary complications compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide vs carbon dioxide

Procedure‐related general complications · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitrous oxide changes procedure‐related general complications (surgical morbidity) compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nitrous oxide vs carbon dioxide

Participant‐reported pain intensity VAS (0‐10, lower score = less pain) · people undergoing laparoscopic general abdominal or gynaecological pelvic surgery under general anaesthesia

It is very uncertain whether nitrous oxide changes pain scores (first postoperative day) VAS, lower score indicates… compared with carbon dioxide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction and maintenance: sevoflurane + nitrous oxide (N2O) vs propofol + N2O

Number of patients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (postoperative care unit) · paediatric

Induction and maintenance: sevoflurane + nitrous oxide (N2O) may leads to higher postoperative nausea and vomiting compared with propofol + N2O (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction and maintenance: sevoflurane + nitrous oxide (N2O) vs propofol + N2O

Postoperative behavioural disturbances Different scales · paediatric

It is very uncertain whether induction and maintenance: sevoflurane + nitrous oxide (N2O) changes postoperative behavioural disturbances Different scales compared with propofol + N2O (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Induction and maintenance: sevoflurane + nitrous oxide (N2O) vs propofol + N2O

Intraoperative and postoperative respiratory and cardiovascular complications · paediatric

It is very uncertain whether induction and maintenance: sevoflurane + nitrous oxide (N2O) changes intraoperative and postoperative respiratory and cardiovascular… compared with propofol + N2O (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review