Hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher may leads to lower hyponatraemia (< 130 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes hypernatraemia (≥ 150 mmol/L) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) · preterm or low birth weight infants
Late (seven days or more following birth) higher may leads to lower postnatal growth failure (weight < 10th percentile) compared with lower sodium intake (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Necrotising enterocolitis · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes necrotising enterocolitis compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Chronic lung disease · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes chronic lung disease compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Mortality Mortality at latest · preterm or low birth weight infants
It is very uncertain whether late (seven days or more following birth) higher changes mortality (latest time reported up to hospital discharge) compared with lower sodium intake (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neurodevelopmental disability · preterm or low birth weight infants
1 finding from 1 review
Cognitive and educational outcomes in children more than five years old · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cognitive and educational outcomes in children more than five years old · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cognitive and educational outcomes in children more than five years old · postoperative pain in preterm and term infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cognitive and educational outcomes in children more than five years old ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Cognitive and educational outcomes in children more than five years old ‐ not reported · postoperative pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Episodes of bradycardia · procedural pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Intervention not reported
Episodes of bradycardia, defined as a fall in heart rate of more than 30% below the baseline or less than 100 beats per minute for 10 seconds or longer, occurring during the procedure · Procedural pain in neonates
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: cognitive delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.17 [0.02, 1.37]
Studies not reported
Very low
c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: language delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.76 [0.37, 1.58]
Studies not reported
Very low
c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a standardized test of development: motor delay № of participants: 79(1 RCT) · preterm infants
It is very uncertain whether caffeine changes c) Developmental delay more than two SDs below population mean on a… compared with other methylxanthines (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
RR 0.5 [0.13, 1.96]
Studies not reported
Very low
Episodes of bradycardia · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Episodes of apnoea · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Apnea: number of infants with 1 or more episodes (defined as interruption of breathing for more than 20 seconds) during the procedure—not reported · lumbar puncture in newborn infants
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found