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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

18 questions · 18 findings · 2 reviews

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No studies found 1 · 5.6%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 3 · 16.7%Low 9 · 50%Moderate 0 · 0%High 5 · 27.8%

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal hypothyroidism ‐ pregnancy · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in maternal hypothyroidism ‐ pregnancy compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Low birthweight · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in low birthweight compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (child… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Neonatal hypothyroidism or elevated TSH · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

It is very uncertain whether any supplement containing iodine changes neonatal hypothyroidism or elevated TSH compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (child… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Neonatal adverse effect: elevated TPO‐ab · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

It is very uncertain whether any supplement containing iodine changes neonatal adverse effect: elevated TPO‐ab compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (child… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal hypothyroidism ‐ postpartum · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in maternal hypothyroidism ‐ postpartum compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Preterm birth · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in preterm birth compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal adverse effect: elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies ‐ pregnancy · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in maternal adverse effect: elevated thyroid peroxidase antibodies ‐… compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal adverse effect: elevated TPO‐ab ‐ postpartum · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in maternal adverse effect: elevated TPO‐ab ‐ postpartum compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal adverse effect: hyperthyroidism ‐ pregnancy · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in maternal adverse effect: hyperthyroidism ‐ pregnancy compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal adverse effect: hyperthyroidism ‐ postpartum · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in maternal adverse effect: hyperthyroidism ‐ postpartum compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Maternal adverse effect: digestive intolerance ‐ pregnancy · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

It is very uncertain whether any supplement containing iodine changes maternal adverse effect: digestive intolerance ‐ pregnancy compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any supplement containing iodine vs same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (maternal outcomes)

Perinatal mortality · women during the preconception, pregnancy and postpartum period

Any supplement containing iodine showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality compared with same supplement without iodine or no treatment/placebo (child… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review