What do systematic reviews say?

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Summary of findings: psychological interventions probably leads to higher adherence to inhaled therapies: % of prescribed inhaled therapies… compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 9.5 [8.6, 10.4]
  1 study · 588 participants
  Moderate

Psychological interventions vs active comparators

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 95 participants
  Very low

Psychological interventions vs active comparators

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 125 participants
  Very low

Psychological interventions vs active comparators

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 128 participants
  Very low

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Anxiety: GAD‐7 (Spitzer 2006) compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 0.3
  1 study · 535 participants
  Low

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in treatment‐related adverse events Depression PHQ‐8 (Kroenke 2009) compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 534 participants
  Low

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Summary of findings: psychological interventions may leads to higher qoL CFQ‐R (Quittner 2009) compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 3.9 [1.2, 6.6]
  1 study · 539 participants
  Low

Psychological interventions vs usual care

Summary of findings: psychological interventions showed no clear difference in lung function FEV1 % predicted compared with usual care (moderate certainty).

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  MD 1.4
  1 study · 556 participants
  Moderate

Psychological interventions vs usual care

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 607 participants
  Moderate

Psychological interventions vs active comparators

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 95 participants
  Very low

Psychological interventions vs active comparators

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Psychological interventions vs active comparators

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Psychological interventions for improving adherence to inhaled therapies in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

It is very uncertain whether motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance… changes adherence to treatment Morisky‐Green questionnaire (number of… compared with no music (very low certainty).

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.03 [0.57, 1.86]
  1 study · 28 participants
  Very low

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ self‐selected music vs no music

It is very uncertain whether motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance… changes frequency of hospitalisation for respiratory infection compared with no music (very low certainty).

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.58 [0.18, 1.86]
  1 study · 28 participants
  Very low

Motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance treatment for people with CF ‐ specifically‐composed music vs no music

It is very uncertain whether motivational interventions to improve adherence to airway clearance… changes adherence to treatment Morisky‐Green questionnaire (number of… compared with no music (very low certainty).

• Interventions for improving adherence to airway clearance treatment and exercise in people with cystic fibrosis 2023 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 1.56 [1.01, 2.4]
  1 study · 30 participants
  Very low