Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

15 questions · 16 findings · 4 reviews · Gut

No studies found 3 · 18.8%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 6.3%Low 6 · 37.5%Moderate 6 · 37.5%High 0 · 0%

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) vs H2RA, placebo or no treatment

Surgery ‐ within 30 days · people with upper gastrointestinal bleeding prior to endoscopic diagnosis

Proton pump inhibitor treatment showed no clear difference in surgery ‐ within 30 days compared with H2RA, placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Epinephrine vs epinephrine and any second endoscopic method

Surgery rate Number requiring emergency surgery · patients with high‐risk bleeding ulcers

Epinephrine probably leads to lower surgery rate Number requiring emergency surgery compared with epinephrine and any second endoscopic method (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy vs initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery

Endoscopic recurrence · adult participants (> 16 years of age) undergoing intestinal resection due to Crohn's disease

It is very uncertain whether initiation of prophylactic therapy guided by colonoscopy changes endoscopic recurrence (at week 102) compared with initiation of prophylactic therapy immediately after surgery (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Endoscopy vs surgery

Relief of pain · participants with painful obstructive chronic pancreatitis

Endoscopy probably leads to higher pain relief ‐ middle‐term compared with surgery (moderate certainty).

2 findings from 1 review