Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

28 questions · 28 findings · 10 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 15 · 53.6%Low 7 · 25%Moderate 6 · 21.4%High 0 · 0%

Specialised early intervention (SEI) vs treatment

Recovered · recent‐onset psychosis (less than three years since the start of psychotic symptoms and either first or second psychotic episode)

Specialised early intervention (SEI) may leads to higher global state: recovery (assessed by proportion recovered, as defined… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Specialised early intervention (SEI) vs treatment

Service use: disengagement from services (assessed by proportion disengaged, as defined by the study, at end of treatment) · recent‐onset psychosis (less than three years since the start of psychotic symptoms and either first or second psychotic episode)

Specialised early intervention (SEI) probably leads to lower service use: disengagement from services (assessed by proportion… compared with treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Specialised early intervention (SEI) vs treatment

Service use: admission to psychiatric hospital (assessed by proportion admitted at end of treatment) · recent‐onset psychosis (less than three years since the start of psychotic symptoms and either first or second psychotic episode)

Specialised early intervention (SEI) showed no clear difference in service use: admission to psychiatric hospital (assessed by… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Specialised early intervention (SEI) vs treatment

Mental state: 1b.Average end point score on various outcomes‐PANSS (medium‐term) ‐ Medium term ‐ PANSS general psychopathology end point score (low = favourable) · recent‐onset psychosis (less than three years since the start of psychotic symptoms and either first or second psychotic episode)
1 finding from 1 review

Specialised early intervention (SEI) vs treatment

Death: all‐cause mortality (assessed by proportion deceased at end of treatment) · recent‐onset psychosis (less than three years since the start of psychotic symptoms and either first or second psychotic episode)

Specialised early intervention (SEI) showed no clear difference in death: all‐cause mortality (assessed by proportion deceased at end… compared with treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Benzodiazepines vs placebo

Acceptability · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether benzodiazepines changes acceptability of the treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Buspirone vs placebo

Leaving the study early · psychiatric patients (schizophrenia) with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether ANXIOLYTIC ‐ BUSPIRONE changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

FATTY ACID ‐ ETHYL‐EPA vs placebo

Leaving the study early · female and male 42 (mean) years old patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether FATTY ACID ‐ ETHYL‐EPA changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ginkgo biloba vs placebo

Leaving the study early · male 45.2 (mean) years old patients with schizophrenia and antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether HERB ‐ GINKGO BILOBA changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

POLYPEPTIDE ‐ CERULETIDE vs placebo

Leaving the study early · female and male 55‐59 year old (mean) patients with various psychiatric conditions and antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether POLYPEPTIDE ‐ CERULETIDE changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

ALKALOID ‐ DIHYDROGENATED ERGOT ALKALOIDS vs placebo

Leaving the study early · female and male 59‐80 (mean) years old patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether ALKALOID ‐ DIHYDROGENATED ERGOT ALKALOIDS changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levetiracetam vs placebo

Leaving the study early · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether ANTIEPILEPTIC ‐ LEVETIRACETAM changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Vitamin E vs placebo

Leaving the study early · patients with antipsychotic‐induced tardive dyskinesia

It is very uncertain whether VITAMIN E changes acceptability of treatment (measured by participants leaving the… compared with PLACEBO (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Yoga vs usual care

Leaving the study early Leaving the study early: participants lost to · patients with schizophrenia

YOGA showed no clear difference in leaving the study early Leaving the study early: participants lost to compared with STANDARD CARE (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review