Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

7 questions · 7 findings · 2 reviews

No studies found 0 · 0%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 1 · 14.3%Low 6 · 85.7%Moderate 0 · 0%High 0 · 0%

Pain (PIPP) · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 38 participants
Low

Neonatal Infant Pain Scale (NIPS) · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 38 participants
Low

Successful venepuncture first attempt · preterm infants

EMLA showed no clear difference in successful venepuncture first attempt compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.98 [0.93, 1.03]
1 study · 111 participants
Low

Adverse effects (short‐lasting skin reactions) · preterm infants

EMLA may leads to higher adverse effects (short‐lasting skin reactions) compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Topical anaesthesia for needle‐related pain in newborn infants 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.65 [1.24, 2.19]
3 studies · 272 participants
Low

Pain during abdominal entry (NRS; higher = more pain) · women undergoing PPTL under local anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Adverse events within 48 hours post operation · women undergoing PPTL under local anaesthesia

1 finding from 1 review

Number of women requiring rescue medication · women undergoing PPTL under local anaesthesia

EMLA cream may leads to lower number of women requiring rescue medication compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review