Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

23 questions · 29 findings · 5 reviews · Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma

No studies found 1 · 3.4%GRADE not reported 1 · 3.4%Very low 14 · 48.3%Low 11 · 37.9%Moderate 2 · 6.9%High 0 · 0%

Intervention not reported

Dual‐mobility total hip arthroplasty (No direct evidence, indirect evidence only) · older adults (> 60 years of age) with intracapsular hip fractures; most fractures in the included studies were displaced

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes dual‐mobility total hip arthroplasty (No direct evidence, indirect… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Dual‐mobility total hip arthroplasty (No direct evidence, indirect evidence only) · older adults (> 60 years of age) with intracapsular hip fractures; most fractures in the included studies were displaced

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes dual‐mobility total hip arthroplasty (No direct evidence, indirect… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antioxidants vs placebo

Muscle soreness · mainly physically active individuals1 partaking in exercise2 designed to produce delayed onset muscle soreness

Summary of findings: antioxidants showed no clear difference in muscle soreness compared with placebo (low certainty).

5 findings from 1 review
Show 2 more findings

Intervention not reported

Subjective knee score ‐ KOOS‐4 score (mean score of 4 components) at 2 years: score from 0 (extreme symptoms) to 100 (no symptoms) · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Treatment failure (graft rupture or ACL reconstruction) at 2 years5 · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)

The intervention may leads to lower treatment failure (graft rupture or ACL reconstruction) at 2 years5 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Treatment failure (meniscal surgery) at 5 years5,7 · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)

The intervention showed no clear difference in treatment failure (meniscal surgery) at 5 years5,7 (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

General health‐related quality of life: SF‐36 physical component score (range 0 to 100; higher score = better health state) at 2 years · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Return to activity or level of sport at 2 years · Adults with acute anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries (young, active individuals)

The intervention showed no clear difference in return to activity or level of sport at 2 years (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Patient‐reported functional outcomes (pooled data) · individuals more than 18 years old with distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes patient‐reported functional outcomes (pooled data) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Need for a secondary/revision operation or substantive physiotherapy for adverse outcomes (e.g. non‐union, malunion or infection) · individuals more than 18 years old with distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes need for a secondary/revision operation or substantive physiotherapy… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Symptomatic non‐union or malunion, including limping 1 year · individuals more than 18 years old with distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes symptomatic non‐union or malunion, including limping 1 year (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Pain (0 to 40: no pain) · individuals more than 18 years old with distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes pain (0 to 40: no pain) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Wound complications including superficial/deep wound infection and osteomyelitis 1 year · individuals more than 18 years old with distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes wound complications including superficial/deep wound infection and… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Fracture union 1 year · individuals more than 18 years old with distal tibial metaphyseal fractures

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes fracture union 1 year (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Summary of findings: Injection therapies vs placebo or no injection control

VISA‐A (score 0 to 100; 100 = no problems) After 3 months (6 to 12 months) · individuals with an investigator‐reported diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy (or related terminology, e.g. tendinitis). We excluded trials…

Summary of findings: Injection therapies showed no clear difference in VISA‐A (score 0 to 100; 100 = no problems) At 6 weeks compared with placebo or no injection control (low certainty).

3 findings from 1 review

Summary of findings: Injection therapies vs placebo or no injection control

Adverse events At final · individuals with an investigator‐reported diagnosis of Achilles tendinopathy (or related terminology, e.g. tendinitis). We excluded trials…

It is very uncertain whether summary of findings: Injection therapies changes adverse events At final compared with placebo or no injection control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review