What do systematic reviews say?

Digital intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  41 studies · 19241 participants
  Moderate

Digital intervention vs face‐to‐face intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Digital intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 10862 participants
  Moderate

Digital intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 3587 participants
  Moderate

Digital intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 9791 participants
  Moderate

Digital intervention vs no intervention or minimal intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Digital intervention vs face‐to‐face intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  5 studies · 390 participants
  Low

Digital intervention vs face‐to‐face intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 58 participants
  Low

Digital intervention vs face‐to‐face intervention

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  3 studies · 206 participants
  Low

Digital intervention vs face‐to‐face intervention

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

• Personalised digital interventions for reducing hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption in community‐dwelling… 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  Studies not reported
  No studies found

Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 122 participants
  Very low

Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 55 participants
  Very low
• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 42 participants
  Very low

Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  2 studies · 123 participants
  Low

Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 84 participants
  Low

Digital intervention with or without routine supported self‐management vs control

• Digital interventions for the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  1 study · 69 participants
  Low

Digital adherence interventions vs usual care

• Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  16 studies · 8885 participants
  Low

Digital adherence interventions vs usual care

• Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  15 studies · 1638 participants
  Moderate

Digital adherence interventions vs usual care

Digital adherence interventions may leads to lower asthma exacerbations ‐ Number of people with one or more exacerbations compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.53 [0.32, 0.91]
  6 studies · 678 participants
  Low

Digital adherence interventions vs usual care

Digital adherence interventions showed no clear difference in unscheduled healthcare utilisation ‐ number of hospital or GP/ED… compared with usual care (low certainty).

• Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  RR 0.74 [0.51, 1.06]
  4 studies · 446 participants
  Low

Digital adherence interventions vs usual care

• Digital interventions to improve adherence to maintenance medication in asthma 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
  no estimate extracted
  7 studies · 1052 participants
  Moderate