Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

21 questions · 35 findings · 10 reviews · Tobacco Addiction

No studies found 1 · 2.9%GRADE not reported 0 · 0%Very low 10 · 28.6%Low 13 · 37.1%Moderate 8 · 22.9%High 3 · 8.6%

Behavioural intervention vs control

Smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Intensive behavioural intervention (multiple contacts, initiated at least 4 weeks before surgery) · People awaiting surgery

Behavioural intervention probably leads to higher smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Intensive behavioural… compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs control

Smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Brief behavioural intervention · People awaiting surgery

Behavioural intervention leads to higher smoking cessation at time of surgery ‐ Brief behavioural intervention compared with control (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs control

Postoperative morbidity: Any complication ‐ Intensive intervention · People awaiting surgery

Behavioural intervention probably leads to lower postoperative morbidity: Any complication ‐ Intensive intervention compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs control

Postoperative morbidity: Any complication ‐ Brief intervention · People awaiting surgery

Behavioural intervention showed no clear difference in postoperative morbidity: Any complication ‐ Brief intervention compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Behavioural intervention vs minimal control

Smoking cessation · young people

Behavioural interventions showed no clear difference in individual counselling (in‐person) vs control Smoking cessation compared with minimal control (low certainty).

5 findings from 1 review
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Interventions delivered by dental professionals vs control

Smoking cessation · participants who used tobacco products

It is very uncertain whether interventions delivered by dental professionals changes multi‐session behavioural support versus usual care, brief advice,… compared with control (very low certainty).

4 findings from 1 review
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Behavioural weight management interventions vs brief advice or no intervention

Change in weight (kg) · People wanting to quit smoking

Behavioural weight management interventions showed no clear difference in mean weight change (kg) at end of treatment ‐ Weight management… compared with brief advice or no intervention (low certainty).

6 findings from 1 review
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Behavioural weight management interventions vs brief advice or no intervention

Cessation · People wanting to quit smoking

Behavioural weight management interventions may leads to lower smoking cessation at 12 months ‐ Personalised weight management… compared with brief advice or no intervention (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Behavioural weight management interventions vs brief advice or no intervention

Smoking cessation · People wanting to quit smoking

Behavioural weight management interventions showed no clear difference in smoking cessation at 6 months ‐ Weight management education versus… compared with brief advice or no intervention (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Hypnotherapy vs behavioural treatments or no treatment

Smoking cessation · people who smoke

It is very uncertain whether hypnotherapy changes hypnotherapy versus intensive behavioural interventions (not matched… compared with behavioural treatments or no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hospital‐only intervention vs intervention that continues after hospital discharge

Pharmacotherapy + behavioural support vs neither · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Hospital‐only intervention leads to higher pharmacotherapy + behavioural support vs neither compared with intervention that continues after hospital discharge (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hospital‐only intervention vs intervention that continues after hospital discharge

Behavioural support ‐ asynchronous** · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

It is very uncertain whether hospital‐only intervention changes behavioural support ‐ asynchronous** compared with intervention that continues after hospital discharge (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hospital‐only intervention vs intervention that continues after hospital discharge

Behavioural support ‐ synchronous** · smoking cessation in hospitalised patients

Hospital‐only intervention showed no clear difference in behavioural support ‐ synchronous** compared with intervention that continues after hospital discharge (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group‐format behavioural programmes vs alternative support

Group programme compared to face‐to‐face individual intervention · people who smoke

Group‐format behavioural programmes showed no clear difference in group programme compared to face‐to‐face individual intervention compared with alternative support (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based non‐active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention probably leads to higher internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based active control Self‐report or bio‐verified smoking cessation · adults who want to stop smoking

The intervention showed no clear difference in internet plus behavioural support versus non‐Internet‐based active… (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Cessation: Behavioural reduction advice vs health mailings · Smokers who cannot or do not want to quit smoking

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes cessation: Behavioural reduction advice vs health mailings (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review