Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

285 questions · 290 findings · 75 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 81 · 27.9%GRADE not reported 18 · 6.2%Very low 91 · 31.4%Low 62 · 21.4%Moderate 32 · 11%High 6 · 2.1%

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin

Necrotising enterocolitis · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes necrotising enterocolitis, any Bell stage compared with pentoxifylline with antibiotics and immunoglobulin M‐enriched… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics

Necrotising enterocolitis · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes necrotising enterocolitis, any Bell stage compared with immunoglobulin M‐enriched intravenous immunoglobulin with antibiotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Aspirin plus antipsychotics vs placebo/no adjunctive treatment + antipsychotics

Global state: any change in global state – unspecified problem necessitating change in dose or type of antipsychotics – medium term · patients with schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether aspirin plus antipsychotics changes global state: any change in global state – unspecified problem… compared with placebo plus antipsychotics (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any ICS plus oral corticosteroid vs oral corticosteroid

Asthma relapse1at 20 to 24 days · predominantly adults with acute asthma following emergency department discharge

Any ICS plus oral corticosteroid showed no clear difference in asthma relapse1at 20 to 24 days compared with oral corticosteroid (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Any ICS plus oral corticosteroid vs oral corticosteroid

Hoarseness at 20 to 24 days · predominantly adults with acute asthma following emergency department discharge

Any ICS plus oral corticosteroid showed no clear difference in hoarseness at 20 to 24 days compared with oral corticosteroid (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs placebo or no intervention

Necrotising enterocolitis · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes necrotising enterocolitis, any Bell stage compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) vs placebo or no intervention

Retinopathy of prematurity · neonates with sepsis

It is very uncertain whether pentoxifylline with antibiotics (any dose or duration) changes retinopathy of prematurity, any stage compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers vs once‐daily LAMA

Any COPD exacerbation that requires short‐burst oral corticosteroids or antibiotics, or both · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

It is very uncertain whether once‐daily ICS/LABA combined inhalers changes any COPD exacerbation that requires short‐burst oral corticosteroids… compared with once‐daily LAMA (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review