Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

4,730 questions · 18,059 findings · 1,282 reviews

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No studies found 4,360 · 24.1%GRADE not reported 2,529 · 14%Very low 4,641 · 25.7%Low 4,007 · 22.2%Moderate 2,057 · 11.4%High 465 · 2.6%

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Upper limb exercise training vs control (no intervention/usual care/isotonic exercise)

Venous diameter (isometric versus isotonic exercise training) · CKD patients who underwent AVF creation

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise for arteriovenous fistula maturation in people requiring permanent haemodialysis access 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 160 participants
Low

Upper limb exercise training vs control (no intervention/usual care/isotonic exercise)

Venous diameter (high volume versus low volume isotonic exercise training) · CKD patients who underwent AVF creation

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise for arteriovenous fistula maturation in people requiring permanent haemodialysis access 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 93 participants
Very low

Upper limb exercise training vs control (no intervention/usual care/isotonic exercise)

Blood flow in the inflow artery (isometric versus isotonic exercise training) · CKD patients who underwent AVF creation

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise for arteriovenous fistula maturation in people requiring permanent haemodialysis access 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 160 participants
Low

Upper limb exercise training vs control (no intervention/usual care/isotonic exercise)

Blood flow in the inflow artery (high volume versus low volume isotonic exercise training) · CKD patients who underwent AVF creation

1 finding from 1 review

Upper limb exercise for arteriovenous fistula maturation in people requiring permanent haemodialysis access 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 15 participants
Very low

Antibiotics plus probiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Failure to induce clinical remission at end of study · people with active UC

It is very uncertain whether antibiotics plus probiotics changes failure to induce clinical remission at end of study compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.39, 1.19]
2 studies · 98 participants
Very low

Antibiotics plus probiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Failure to induce clinical response at end of study · people with active UC

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Antibiotics plus probiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Serious adverse events · people with active UC

It is very uncertain whether antibiotics plus probiotics changes serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.07, 15.08]
2 studies · 98 participants
Very low

Antibiotics plus probiotics vs placebo or no intervention

Withdrawals due to adverse events · people with active UC

It is very uncertain whether antibiotics plus probiotics changes withdrawals due to adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibiotics for the induction and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1 [0.07, 15.08]
2 studies · 98 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 8 RCTs Total Participants: 9983 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 9983 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 13 RCTs Total Participants: 144476 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 144476 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 8 RCTs; 7511 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
8 studies · 7511 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3187 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3187 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCT; 2039 participants) · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2039 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 11 RCTs Total Participants: 13209 · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 13209 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

HD‐ICS/LABA (Direct evidence; 6 RCTs; 6244 participants) · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 6244 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 3 RCTs; 3188 participants) · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 3188 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

HD‐TRIPLE (Direct evidence; 2 RCTs; 2039 participants) · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 2039 participants
High

Intervention not reported

MD‐ICS/LABA · Adolescent sand adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Total studies: 12 RCTs Total Participants: 12915 · Adolescents and adults with symptomatic asthma Interventions: HD‐ICS/LABA, MD‐TRIPLE, HD‐TRIPLE Comparator (reference): Medium‐Dose…

1 finding from 1 review

Effectiveness and tolerability of dual and triple combination inhaler therapies compared with each other and varying… 2022 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
12 studies · 12915 participants
GRADE not reported