Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,801 questions · 4,079 findings · 473 reviews

No studies found 669 · 16.4%GRADE not reported 852 · 20.9%Very low 738 · 18.1%Low 903 · 22.1%Moderate 716 · 17.6%High 201 · 4.9%

Indacaterol vs long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone

Exacerbations (number of people experiencing ≥ 1 exacerbations) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol showed no clear difference in number of participants experiencing at least 1 exacerbation… compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Indacaterol vs long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone

Serious adverse events Adverse events · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol showed no clear difference in serious adverse events Adverse events compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Indacaterol vs long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone

Mortality Deaths · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol showed no clear difference in mortality Deaths compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Indacaterol vs long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone

Quality of life: number of participants with clinically significant improvement (≥ 4 units) in SGRQ total score · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol showed no clear difference in number of participants with a clinically significant improvement in… compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Indacaterol vs long‐acting beta2‐agonist alone

Improvement in symptoms: number of participants with clinically significant improvement: using TDI focal score (≥ 1 unit) · patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Indacaterol showed no clear difference in number of participants with a clinically significant improvement in… compared with twice‐daily long‐acting beta2‐agonists (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review