Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Perioperative beta‐blockers vs placebo or usual care

Hypotension · adults undergoing non‐cardiac surgery under general anaesthesia (to include: low‐risk, medium‐risk, and high‐risk surgeries)

Perioperative beta‐blockers probably leads to higher hypotension (within 30 days; as defined by study authors, minimum… compared with placebo or standard care (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Three doses HPV vaccine vs control

Overall systemic events and general symptoms · 10‐ to 26‐year‐old males

Three doses HPV vaccine showed no clear difference in overall systemic events and general symptoms at 15‐day compared with control (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nonavalent HPV vaccine vs quadrivalent HPV vaccine

Overall local/injection site adverse events at 15‐day · 9‐ to 26‐year‐old females and males

Nonavalent HPV vaccine leads to higher overall local/injection site adverse events at 15‐day compared with quadrivalent HPV vaccine (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Nonavalent HPV vaccine vs quadrivalent HPV vaccine

Overall systemic events and general symptoms · 9‐ to 26‐year‐old females and males

Nonavalent HPV vaccine showed no clear difference in overall systemic events and general symptoms at 15‐day compared with quadrivalent HPV vaccine (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical portosystemic shunts vs transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)

All‐cause mortality at 30 days · people with cirrhotic portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether surgical portosystemic shunts changes all‐cause mortality at 30 days compared with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surgical portosystemic shunts vs transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)

Number of participants with Variceal rebleeding episodes at 30 days · people with cirrhotic portal hypertension

It is very uncertain whether surgical portosystemic shunts changes number of participants with Variceal rebleeding episodes at 30 days compared with transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Laparoscopic vs open appendectomy

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · patients with suspected appendicitis
3 findings from 1 review

Preoperative radiotherapy vs surgery

Postoperative morbidity ‐ sepsis (within 30 days after surgery) · People with localised rectal carcinoma

Preoperative radiotherapy may leads to higher postoperative morbidity ‐ sepsis (within 30 days after surgery) compared with surgery alone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review