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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
2,395 questions in 172 reviews · Gut
current versionsNo studies 420 · 17.5%Ungraded 60 · 2.5%Very low 821 · 34.3%Low 602 · 25.1%Moderate 397 · 16.6%High 95 · 4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Yoga vs walking Quality of life · people with IBS Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 97 participants | Very low |
Yoga vs walking Abdominal pain · people with IBS Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 27 participants | Very low |
Similar physical activity interventions vs any control IBS symptoms – yoga interventions · people with IBS Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 218 participants | Very low |
Similar physical activity interventions vs any control IBS symptoms – supervised treadmill exercise · people with IBS Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 71 participants | Very low |
Similar physical activity interventions vs any control IBS symptoms – advice to increase physical activity · people with IBS Physical activity for treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 93 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Delayed gastric emptying (all definitions) · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.67 [0.41, 1.09] | 8 studies · 818 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Mortality (within 30 days or 'in‐hospital') · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 818 participants | High |
Intervention NR Pancreatic fistula · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | OR 1.01 [0.73, 1.4] | 8 studies · 818 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Postoperative haemorrhage · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.87 [0.47, 1.59] | 6 studies · 742 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Intra‐abdominal fluid collection, abscess · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | OR 1.11 [0.71, 1.74] | 7 studies · 788 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Reoperations · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.68 [0.34, 1.36] | 5 studies · 682 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Length of postoperative hospital stay (days) · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 818 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Quality of life (EQ‐5D, EORTC QLQ‐C30 and PAN26, GIQLI at 2, 4 and 12 weeks after surgery) · adults with any pancreatic diagnosis leading to an indication for elective (classical, pylorus‐preserving,… Antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction after partial pancreaticoduodenectomy (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 73 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control Clinical remission · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.88 [0.8, 4.41] | 3 studies · 301 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control CDAI <150 at 24 weeks · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.02 [0.67, 1.56] | 4 studies · 352 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control Fistula Closure short‐term · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.48 [1.12, 1.96] | 4 studies · 269 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control Fistula closure in long‐term · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.42 [1.09, 1.87] | 4 studies · 250 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control Total Adverse Events · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.99 [0.88, 1.13] | 4 studies · 293 participants | Very low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control Serious Adverse Events · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.22 [0.88, 1.67] | 7 studies · 433 participants | Low |
Summary of findings table ‐ Stem Cell vs Placebo or Control Withdrawal due to adverse events · Induction of Remission in Medically Refractory Crohn's Disease Stem cell transplantation for induction of remission in medically refractory Crohn’s disease (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.32, 1.89] | 3 studies · 272 participants | Very low |
LHC + Dor vs LHC without fundoplication Postoperative pathological acid reflux · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.37 [0.07, 1.89] | 2 studies · 97 participants | Very low |
LHC + Dor vs LHC without fundoplication Severe postoperative dysphagia · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 3 [0.34, 26.33] | 3 studies · 143 participants | Low |
LHC + Dor vs LHC + Toupet Postoperative pathological acid reflux · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.75 [0.23, 2.43] | 3 studies · 105 participants | Low |
LHC + Dor vs LHC + Toupet Severe postoperative dysphagia · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.78 [0.19, 3.15] | 3 studies · 123 participants | Low |
LHC + Dor vs LHC + Nissen Postoperative pathological acid reflux · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 4.72 [0.23, 96.59] | 1 study · 138 participants | Low |
LHC + Dor vs LHC + Nissen Severe postoperative dysphagia · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.19 [0.04, 0.83] | 1 study · 138 participants | High |
LHC + Dor vs LHC + angle of His accentuation Postoperative pathological acid reflux · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
LHC + Dor vs LHC + angle of His accentuation Severe postoperative dysphagia · adult patients (> 18 years) with achalasia Fundoplication in laparoscopic Heller's cardiomyotomy for achalasia (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.56 [0.27, 8.95] | 1 study · 110 participants | Moderate |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Rate of POPF (grade B or C defined according to the 2005 ISGPF definition) · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.45 [0.64, 3.26] | 7 studies · 1122 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Postoperative mortality · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Adverse events · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Rate of surgical reintervention · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.93 [0.18, 20.91] | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Rate of postoperative bleeding · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 2.89 [0.12, 70.11] | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Overall rate of surgical complications · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.1 [0.8, 1.51] | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Length of hospital stay (days) · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Quality of life · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Postoperative mortality · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.39, 1.49] | 10 studies · 1472 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Adverse events · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Rate of surgical reintervention · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.65, 1.95] | 10 studies · 1472 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Rate of postoperative bleeding · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 0.85 [0.51, 1.42] | 9 studies · 1275 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Overall rate of surgical complications · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | RR 1.12 [0.92, 1.36] | 5 studies · 750 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Length of hospital stay (days) · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 658 participants | Very low |
Duct‐to‐mucosa vs invagination pancreaticojejunostomy Quality of life · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the modified Blumgart technique vs duct‐to‐mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy using the traditional interrupted technique Rate of POPF (grade B or C defined according to the 2016 ISGPS definition) · adults undergoing open pancreaticoduodenectomy Duct‐to‐mucosa versus other types of pancreaticojejunostomy for the prevention of postoperative pancreatic… (2022) · Cochrane | 1.51 [0.61, 3.75] | 1 study · 210 participants | Very low |
Probiotics vs placebo Occurrence of HAEC · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.58 [0.1, 3.43] | 2 studies · 120 participants | Very low |
Probiotics vs placebo Serious adverse events · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Probiotics vs placebo Severity of HAEC Â · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.66 [0.14, 3.16] | 2 studies · 120 participants | Low |
Probiotics vs placebo Overall mortality · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Probiotics vs placebo Withdrawals due to adverse events · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis (2022) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 60 participants | Ungraded |
Probiotics vs placebo Recurrent episodes of HAEC · children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD) Probiotics for the prevention of Hirschsprung‐associated enterocolitis (2022) · Cochrane | OR 0.85 [0.24, 3] | 1 study · 60 participants | Low |