Search review questions

Change in croup score at 60 minutes · children with croup

Change in respiratory rate at 60 minutes · children with croup

Change in heart rate at 60 minutes · children with croup

Proportion of children hospitalised · children with croup

Duration of hospitalisation · children with croup

Proportion of children intubated · children with croup

Duration of intubation · children with croup

Proportion of children re‐presenting for medical care for ongoing croup symptoms (return to care) · children with croup

Adverse events · children with croup

Change in respiratory rate at 20 minutes · children with croup

Change in heart rate at 20 minutes · children with croup

Proportion of children hospitalised · children with croup

Duration of hospitalisation · children with croup

Proportion of children intubated · children with croup

Duration of intubation · children with croup

Proportion of children re‐presenting for medical care for ongoing croup symptoms · children with croup

Adverse events · children with croup

Clinical cure (symptomatic and clinical recovery by the end of treatment) · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Treatment failure (development of more severe signs and symptoms by the end of treatment) · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Relapse (children who were 'cured' but developed symptoms within 14‐day · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Treatment harms (adverse events or side effects associated with antibiotic therapy within 14‐day · children, aged 2 to 59 months, with WHO‐defined non‐severe pneumonia and wheeze

Incidence of pneumonia Defined as patient admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pneumonia Dose: 2 g per day · school‐aged children (6 to 15 years) and marine corps recruits (mean age 18.5 years)

Prevalance of pneumonia · school‐aged children (6 to 15 years) and marine corps recruits (mean age 18.5 years)

Mortality due to pneumonia · school‐aged children (6 to 15 years) and marine corps recruits (mean age 18.5 years)

Adverse effects (urticaria) Defined as participants reporting urticaria (hives) Dose: 2 g per day · school‐aged children (6 to 15 years) and marine corps recruits (mean age 18.5 years)

Duration of illness Defined as number of days until illness improved Dose: 200 mg daily · children under 5 years of age

Clinical cure rate · children under 5 years of age

Mortality due to pneumonia · children under 5 years of age

Adverse effects · children under 5 years of age

Mortality during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Any hearing loss defined as 40 dB or more not detected by the better ear during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Any neurological sequelae other than hearing loss defined as health consequences of the infection that involve the central nervous system during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Adverse events during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Severe hearing loss defined as a threshold of 60 dB or more in the better ear or requiring bilateral hearing aid during the · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Short‐term neurological sequelae other than hearing loss defined as sequelae present up to 6 weeks after hospital discharge · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Long‐term neurological sequelae other than hearing loss defined as sequelae present between 6 weeks after hospital discharge and the last time point reported in the study · children with acute bacterial meningitis

Length of hospital stay ‐ actual · health problem or population

Length of hospital stay (theoretical) · health problem or population

Duration of time requiring non‐oral fluid therapy (time to resume full oral feeding) · health problem or population

Successful insertion of intravenous fluid/enteral tube fluid at first attempt · health problem or population

Change in modality of fluid therapy · health problem or population

Local complications (overall): IV line bruising, soreness, infection, epistaxis, nasal trauma, others · health problem or population

Parental satisfaction · health problem or population

Hospitalisation due to RSV infection · children (0 to 24 months)

Mortality · children (0 to 24 months)

Adverse events · children (0 to 24 months)

Hospitalisation due to respiratory‐related illness · children (0 to 24 months)

RSV infection · children (0 to 24 months)

Number of wheezing days · children (0 to 24 months)

All‐cause mortality Maximum · neonates and children with hospital‐acquired pneumonia