Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

253 questions · 256 findings · 57 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 22 · 8.6%GRADE not reported 10 · 3.9%Very low 32 · 12.5%Low 95 · 37.1%Moderate 67 · 26.2%High 30 · 11.7%

Cerclage vs no cerclage

Baby discharged home healthy · preventing preterm birth in women with singleton pregnancy

Cerclage showed no clear difference in baby discharged home healthy compared with no cerclage (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.02 [0.97, 1.06]
4 studies · 657 participants
Moderate

Cerclage vs no cerclage

Death of the baby before discharge: neonatal death · preventing preterm birth in women with singleton pregnancy

Cerclage showed no clear difference in neonatal deaths before discharge compared with no cerclage (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cervical stitch (cerclage) for preventing preterm birth in singleton pregnancy 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.85 [0.53, 1.39]
6 studies · 1714 participants
Low

Oral betamimetic vs placebo

Preterm labour · women with a twin pregnancy

Oral betamimetic may leads to lower preterm labour compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Prophylactic oral betamimetics for reducing preterm birth in women with a twin pregnancy 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.37 [0.17, 0.78]
2 studies · 194 participants
Low

Ambroxol vs corticosteroid (betamethasone)

Incidence of RDS frequency in newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in incidence of RDS frequency in newborns compared with corticosteroid (betamethasone) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.79 [0.59, 1.07]
7 studies · 758 participants
Moderate

Ambroxol vs corticosteroid (betamethasone)

Perinatal mortality frequency of deaths of newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality frequency of deaths of newborns compared with corticosteroid (betamethasone) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.51 [0.23, 1.12]
6 studies · 657 participants
Moderate

Ambroxol vs corticosteroid (betamethasone)

Adverse effects in pregnant women frequency in pregnant women · women at risk of preterm birth

It is very uncertain whether ambroxol changes adverse effects in pregnant women frequency in pregnant women compared with corticosteroid (betamethasone) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.45 [0.34, 35.51]
3 studies · 305 participants
Very low

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Incidence of RDS frequency in newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in incidence of RDS frequency in newborns compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.74 [0.46, 1.2]
2 studies · 204 participants
Low

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Perinatal mortality frequency of deaths of newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality frequency of deaths of newborns compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.61 [0.19, 1.98]
1 study · 116 participants
Low

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Adverse effects in pregnant women frequency in pregnant women · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in adverse effects in pregnant women frequency in pregnant women compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.79 [0.45, 7.13]
1 study · 116 participants
Low

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Other events in newborns ‐ Administration of pulmonary surfactant frequency in newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in other events in newborns ‐ Administration of pulmonary surfactant… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.19 [0.61, 2.3]
1 study · 88 participants
Low

Ambroxol vs placebo or no treatment

Other events in newborns ‐ Need for mechanical ventilation frequency inf newborns · women at risk of preterm birth

Ambroxol showed no clear difference in other events in newborns ‐ Need for mechanical ventilation frequency… compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ambroxol for women at risk of preterm birth for preventing neonatal respiratory distress syndrome 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.94 [0.73, 1.21]
1 study · 88 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Perinatal mortality · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

The intervention showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home uterine monitoring for detecting preterm labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.22 [0.86, 1.72]
2 studies · 2589 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Antenatal hospital admissions · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

The intervention showed no clear difference in antenatal hospital admissions (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home uterine monitoring for detecting preterm labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.91 [0.74, 1.11]
3 studies · 1494 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Admission to NICU · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

The intervention probably leads to lower admission to NICU (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home uterine monitoring for detecting preterm labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.77 [0.62, 0.96]
5 studies · 2367 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Number of unscheduled antenatal visits · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

1 finding from 1 review

Home uterine monitoring for detecting preterm labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 1994 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Use of tocolysis · women undergoing home monitoring for preventing preterm birth versus women receiving standard care

The intervention may leads to higher use of tocolysis (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home uterine monitoring for detecting preterm labour 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.21 [1.01, 1.45]
7 studies · 4316 participants
Low

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping vs ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation)

Death of baby (up to discharge) · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care after cord clamping probably leads to lower death of baby (up to discharge) compared with ECC (subgroup analysis by gestation) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping and other strategies to influence placental transfusion at preterm birth… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.73 [0.54, 0.98]
20 studies · 2680 participants
Moderate

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact vs ECC

Severe intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH grades 3, 4) compared with ECC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping and other strategies to influence placental transfusion at preterm birth… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.84 [0.29, 2.45]
1 study · 266 participants
Low

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact vs ECC

Intraventricular haemorrhage · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH, all grades) compared with ECC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping and other strategies to influence placental transfusion at preterm birth… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.9 [0.64, 1.26]
1 study · 266 participants
Low

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact vs ECC

Periventricular leukomalacia · babies born preterm, and their mothers

DCC with immediate neonatal care with cord intact showed no clear difference in periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) compared with ECC (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effect of timing of umbilical cord clamping and other strategies to influence placental transfusion at preterm birth… 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.86 [0.32, 2.31]
1 study · 266 participants
Low