Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

177 questions · 178 findings · 33 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 62 · 34.8%GRADE not reported 10 · 5.6%Very low 47 · 26.4%Low 40 · 22.5%Moderate 18 · 10.1%High 1 · 0.6%

Cyclosporin vs mycophenolate mofetil with pulse dexamethasone

Adverse events: hypertension · idiopathic steroid‐resistant nephrotic syndrome in children

Cyclosporin showed no clear difference in adverse events (weeks 0 to 26): hypertension compared with mycophenolate mofetil with pulse dexamethasone (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Dry eye symptoms, measured using the OSDI score (ranging from 0 to 100 units, with a reduction in scores indicating clinical improvement) at 1‐month (with actual · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether IPL (with/without MGX) changes dry eye symptoms, measured using the SPEED score at 3 months of compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Tear osmolarity, measured in mOsmol/L, at 3 months of · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

IPL (with/without MGX) showed no clear difference in tear osmolarity, measured in mOsmol/L, at 3 months of compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Meibomian gland orifice plugging, at 3 months of · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether IPL (with/without MGX) changes meibomian gland orifice plugging, at 3 months of compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

IPL (with/without MGX) vs no treatment/sham

Corneal sodium fluorescein staining, measured using a validated clinical scale, at 3 months of · people with meibomian gland dysfunction

It is very uncertain whether IPL (with/without MGX) changes corneal sodium fluorescein staining, measured using a validated… compared with sham or no treatment (with/without MGX) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review