Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

182 questions · 221 findings · 31 reviews · Hypertension

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No studies found 8 · 3.6%GRADE not reported 31 · 14%Very low 33 · 14.9%Low 72 · 32.6%Moderate 56 · 25.3%High 21 · 9.5%

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

All‐cause mortality · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.24 [0.99, 1.54]
3 studies · 8221 participants
Low

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

Stroke · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in stroke compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.25 [0.94, 1.67]
3 studies · 8221 participants
Low

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

Serious adverse events: cardiovascular events · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in cardiovascular serious adverse events compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.19 [0.98, 1.45]
3 studies · 8221 participants
Low

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) vs lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg)

Withdrawals due to adverse events · older adults with primary hypertension

Higher BP target (< 150‐160/95‐105 mmHg) showed no clear difference in withdrawals due to adverse effects compared with lower BP target (< 140/90 mmHg) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure targets for hypertension in older adults 2017 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.83 [0.58, 1.19]
2 studies · 7497 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

End of treatment SBP (over 12 weeks) · patients with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 50 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

End of treatment DBP (over 12 weeks) · patients with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 50 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Withdrawals due to adverse effects · patients with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of coenzyme Q10 for primary hypertension 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
GRADE not reported

Intervention not reported

Heart rate · People with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of beta‐1 selective beta blockers for primary hypertension 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
33 studies · 3407 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

WDAE · People with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of beta‐1 selective beta blockers for primary hypertension 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 2618 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Decrease in SBP mmHg mean duration 8.8 weeks · People with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure‐lowering efficacy of loop diuretics for primary hypertension 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 460 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Decrease in DBP mmHg mean duration 8.8 weeks · People with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure‐lowering efficacy of loop diuretics for primary hypertension 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 460 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

Heart rate · Adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of dual alpha and beta blockers for primary hypertension 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 977 participants
Low

Intervention not reported

WDAE · Adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of dual alpha and beta blockers for primary hypertension 2015 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
5 studies · 1412 participants
Moderate

Intervention not reported

Withdrawal due to adverse effects · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure‐lowering efficacy of monotherapy with thiazide diuretics for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
20 studies · 3698 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Decrease in heart rate · Adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of partial agonist beta blocker monotherapy for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
7 studies · 256 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

Withdrawal due to adverse effect · Adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of partial agonist beta blocker monotherapy for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 117 participants
Very low

Nonselective beta‐blockers vs placebo

SBP (mmHg) · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of nonselective beta‐blockers for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 948 participants
Low

Nonselective beta‐blockers vs placebo

Diastolic blood pressure · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of nonselective beta‐blockers for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
16 studies · 948 participants
Low

Nonselective beta‐blockers vs placebo

Heart rate · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of nonselective beta‐blockers for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
13 studies · 864 participants
Low

Nonselective beta‐blockers vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with primary hypertension

1 finding from 1 review

Blood pressure lowering efficacy of nonselective beta‐blockers for primary hypertension 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 729 participants
Low