Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

226 questions · 230 findings · 12 reviews · Common Mental Disorders

No studies found 54 · 23.5%GRADE not reported 7 · 3%Very low 80 · 34.8%Low 60 · 26.1%Moderate 22 · 9.6%High 7 · 3%

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Short‐term remission · adults with panic disorder

All psychological therapies showed no clear difference in short‐term remission compared with antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Short‐term response · adults with panic disorder

All psychological therapies showed no clear difference in short‐term response compared with antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Leaving the study early · adults with panic disorder

It is very uncertain whether all psychological therapies changes dropouts for any reason compared with antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines

Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): panic frequency Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitive Questionnaire (1 to 70) Fear Questionnaire Agoraphobia Subscale (0 to 14) Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) STAI ... · adults with panic disorder
1 finding from 1 review

Psychological therapies vs SSRI

Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): panic frequency Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitive Questionnaire (1 to 70) Fear Questionnaire Agoraphobia Subscale (0 to 14) · adults with panic disorder
1 finding from 1 review

Antipsychotics vs placebo or another comparator drug/dose

Repetition of SH at six months (low dose fluphenazine vs. ultra low dose fluphenazine) · adults who engage in SH

It is very uncertain whether antipsychotics changes repetition of SH at six months (low dose fluphenazine vs. ultra low… compared with placebo or another comparator drug/dose (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Propranolol vs placebo

Treatment efficacy CAPS, CIDI · adult participants (18 years and older) who have been exposed to any traumatic events, but who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for…

Propranolol showed no clear difference in treatment efficacy CAPS, CIDI compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hydrocortisone vs placebo

Treatment efficacy CAPS, SCID‐IV, PTSS‐10Q‐I · adult participants (18 years and older) who have been exposed to any traumatic events, but who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for…

Hydrocortisone probably leads to lower treatment efficacy CAPS, SCID‐IV, PTSS‐10Q‐I compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review