Cochrane · systematic review · CD011170
Psychological therapies versus pharmacological interventions for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults
Imai, H, Tajika, A, Chen, P, et al. · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · 2016 · Cochrane Library
Common Mental DisordersAMSTAR 2: not assessed
SoF tableOnly the outcomes this review put in its Summary of Findings table are listed (the Cochrane Handbook caps them at about seven per comparison). Its other analyses are not shown here.
Questions
25
current version
GRADE rated
20
No studies
0
Included studies
NR
No studies 0 · 0%Ungraded 5 · 20%Very low 8 · 32%Low 9 · 36%Moderate 3 · 12%High 0 · 0%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
Questions and results
All psychological therapies compared to SSRI for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults
Population: adults with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Short‐term remission All psychological therapies vs SSRI | RR 0.85 [0.62, 1.17] | 6 studies · 334 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Short‐term response All psychological therapies vs SSRI | RR 0.97 [0.51, 1.86] | 5 studies · 277 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Dropouts for any reason All psychological therapies vs SSRI | RR 1.33 [0.8, 2.22] | 6 studies · 334 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Long‐term remission/response All psychological therapies vs SSRI | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): panic frequency Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitive Questionnaire (1 to 70) Fear Questionnaire Agoraphobia Subscale (0 to 14) All psychological therapies vs SSRI | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 242 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
All psychological therapies compared to tricyclic antidepressants for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults
Population: adults with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Short‐term remission All psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants | RR 0.82 [0.62, 1.09] | 3 studies · 229 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Short‐term response All psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants | RR 0.75 [0.51, 1.1] | 4 studies · 270 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Dropouts for any reason All psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants | RR 0.83 [0.53, 1.3] | 5 studies · 430 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Long‐term remission/response All psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (1 to 70) Panic Disorder Severity Scale (0 to 28) Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) All psychological therapies vs tricyclic antidepressants | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 414 participants | Moderate Downgraded: risk of bias |
All psychological therapies compared to other antidepressants for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults
Population: adults with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Short‐term remission All psychological therapies vs other antidepressants | RR 0.9 [0.48, 1.67] | 3 studies · 135 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, inconsistency |
Short‐term response All psychological therapies vs other antidepressants | RR 0.96 [0.67, 1.37] | 3 studies · 128 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Dropouts for any reason All psychological therapies vs other antidepressants | RR 1.55 [0.91, 2.65] | 3 studies · 180 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Long‐term remission/response All psychological therapies vs other antidepressants | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): Panic Disorder Severity Scale (0 to 28) Symptom Checklist‐90‐Revised Global Severity All psychological therapies vs other antidepressants | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 27 participants | Moderate Downgraded: imprecision |
All psychological therapies compared to benzodiazepines for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults
Population: adults with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Short‐term remission All psychological therapies vs benzodiazepines | RR 1.08 [0.7, 1.65] | 3 studies · 95 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Short‐term response All psychological therapies vs benzodiazepines | RR 1.58 [0.7, 3.58] | 2 studies · 69 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Dropouts for any reason All psychological therapies vs benzodiazepines | RR 1.12 [0.54, 2.36] | 3 studies · 116 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Long‐term remission/response All psychological therapies vs benzodiazepines | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) STAI state anxiety (20 to 80) All psychological therapies vs benzodiazepines | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 89 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
All psychological therapies compared to antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines for panic disorder with or without agoraphobia in adults
Population: adults with panic disorder with or without agoraphobia
| Outcome | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Short‐term remission All psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines | RR 0.86 [0.71, 1.05] | 11 studies · 663 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Short‐term response All psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines | RR 0.95 [0.76, 1.18] | 12 studies · 800 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision |
Dropouts for any reason All psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines | RR 1.08 [0.77, 1.51] | 13 studies · 909 participants | Very low Downgraded: risk of bias, imprecision, publication bias |
Long‐term remission/response All psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Ungraded |
Short‐term improvement Scale used (range; lower is better): panic frequency Clinical Global Impression (1 to 7) Agoraphobic Cognitive Questionnaire (1 to 70) Fear Questionnaire Agoraphobia Subscale (0 to 14) Brief Scale for Anxiety (0 to 60) STAI ... All psychological therapies vs antidepressants alone or antidepressants and benzodiazepines | no estimate extracted | 11 studies · 638 participants | Low Downgraded: risk of bias, publication bias |