Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

412 questions · 464 findings · 104 reviews

No studies found 44 · 9.5%GRADE not reported 84 · 18.1%Very low 165 · 35.6%Low 113 · 24.4%Moderate 41 · 8.8%High 17 · 3.7%

VIDEO GAMES (COMMERCIAL NON‐EXERGAMES) (plus standard care) vs COGNITIVE REMEDIATION (plus standard care)

Adverse effects*: leaving the study early ‐ did not leave · patients with schizophrenia

VIDEO GAMES (COMMERCIAL NON‐EXERGAMES) (plus standard care) showed no clear difference in adverse effects*: leaving the study early ‐ did not leave ‐ by end… compared with COGNITIVE REMEDIATION (plus standard care) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

COGNITIVE BEHAVIOUR THERAPY + MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING vs usual care

Lost to treatment · people with both severe mental illness and substance misuse

Cognitive behavioural therapy + motivational interviewing showed no clear difference in leaving the study early: Lost to treatment compared with standard care (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Omega‐3 vs placebo

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

Group A: omega‐3 fatty acids showed no clear difference in satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Long‐term… compared with placebo (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B antipsychotic drugs: amisulpiride + needs‐focused intervention vs needs‐focused intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B antipsychotic drugs: amisulpiride + needs‐focused intervention changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with needs‐focused intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B antipsychotic drugs: olanzapine + supportive intervention vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction and acceptability of treatment (medium term) ‐ leaving the study early · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B antipsychotic drugs: olanzapine + supportive intervention changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with placebo + supportive intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive therapy vs supportive therapy

Satisfaction and acceptability of treatment (medium term) ‐ leaving the study early · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo and cognitive and behavioural therapies

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with cognitive behavioural therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy (specific preventive intervention) + needs‐based intervention + risperidone vs needs‐based intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early (events)… compared with needs‐based intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + placebo vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + supportive intervention vs non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with non‐directive reflective listening + supportive intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group A: amino acids vs placebo

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group A: amino acids changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive training vs active control

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C other: cognitive training changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with active control (tablet games) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review