Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

271 questions · 281 findings · 20 reviews · Public Health

Sort:Best matchNewest Highest certainty Download CSV

No studies found 53 · 18.9%GRADE not reported 14 · 5%Very low 55 · 19.6%Low 81 · 28.8%Moderate 61 · 21.7%High 17 · 6%

Adverse event outcomes for dietary combined with physical activity interventions vs control

Infections · children aged 0 to 5 years

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions for preventing obesity in children 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 709 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Anaemia · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower anaemia (defined as haemoglobin below the WHO cut‐off, adjusted for… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.72 [0.54, 0.97]
7 studies · 1634 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker of iron status) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to lower iron deficiency (as defined by study authors, based on a biomarker… compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.66 [0.51, 0.84]
8 studies · 1733 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Haemoglobin (g/dL) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
11 studies · 2163 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Vitamin A deficiency · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… showed no clear difference in vitamin A deficiency (as defined by the study authors) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.68 [0.36, 1.29]
4 studies · 927 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Plasma folate concentrations (nmol/L) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 215 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Any adverse effects (hookworm infection risk) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… may leads to higher any adverse effects (hookworm infection risk) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.78 [1.18, 2.7]
1 study · 785 participants
Low

Rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Diarrhoea · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

It is very uncertain whether rice fortified with iron alone or in combination with other… changes diarrhoea (as defined by study authors) compared with unfortified rice (no micronutrients added) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 3.52 [0.18, 67.39]
1 study · 258 participants
Very low

Rice fortified with vitamin A alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Haemoglobin (g/dL) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 74 participants
Low

Rice fortified with vitamin A alone or in combination with other micronutrients vs unfortified rice (no micronutrients added)

Serum/plasma retinol (μmol/L) · general population of all age groups (including pregnant women) from any country, over two years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of rice with vitamins and minerals for addressing micronutrient malnutrition 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 74 participants
Low

Staple foods fortified with vitamin A vs same unfortified staple foods

Serum/plasma retinol (μmol/L) · general population over 2 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1829 participants
Very low

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

All‐cause mortality · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

All‐cause morbidity · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs same unfortified staple foods

Any adverse effects (e.g. hypervitaminosis A, as defined by the trialists) · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention

Serum/plasma retinol (μmol/L) · general population over 2 years of age

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 318 participants
Low

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention

Subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L or less) · general population over 2 years of age

It is very uncertain whether staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients changes subclinical vitamin A deficiency (serum/plasma retinol 0.70 μmol/L… compared with no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.71 [0.52, 0.98]
2 studies · 318 participants
Very low

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention

Clinical vitamin A deficiency (as defined by night blindness) · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention

All‐cause mortality · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention

All‐cause morbidity · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Staple food fortified with vitamin A plus other micronutrients vs no intervention

Any adverse effects (e.g. hypervitaminosis A, as defined by the trialists) · general population over 2 years of age

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fortification of staple foods with vitamin A for vitamin A deficiency 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found