Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

190 questions · 193 findings · 17 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 51 · 26.4%GRADE not reported 6 · 3.1%Very low 59 · 30.6%Low 55 · 28.5%Moderate 17 · 8.8%High 5 · 2.6%

Paracetamol 1000 mg vs placebo

Pain‐free or mild pain at 2 hours · adults with episodic tension‐type headache

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute treatment of episodic tension‐type headache in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Paracetamol 1000 mg vs placebo

Any adverse event · adults with episodic tension‐type headache

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute treatment of episodic tension‐type headache in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
High

Paracetamol 1000 mg vs placebo

Serious adverse events · adults with episodic tension‐type headache

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute treatment of episodic tension‐type headache in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Moderate

Paracetamol 500 mg to 650 mg vs placebo

Pain‐free at 2 hours · adults with episodic tension‐type headache

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) for acute treatment of episodic tension‐type headache in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

Moderate benefit: At least 30% reduction in pain, or PGIC much or very much improved · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

Substantial benefit: At least 50% reduction in pain, or PGIC much improved · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

Lack of efficacy withdrawal · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

Withdrawals due to adverse events · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

Serious adverse events · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Paracetamol alone, paracetamol plus codeine, or paracetamol plus dihydrocodeine vs placebo

Deaths · adults with chronic neuropathic pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without codeine or dihydrocodeine for neuropathic pain in adults 2016 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

At least 50% reduction in pain or equivalent · Adults with cancer pain

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 69 participants
Very low

Intervention not reported

"Moderate" benefit At least 30% reduction in pain · Adults with cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Proportion below 30/100 mm on VAS · Adults with cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Patient Global Impression of Change much or very much improved · Adults with cancer pain

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Intervention not reported

Adverse event withdrawals · Adults with cancer pain

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Serious adverse events · Adults with cancer pain

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Death · Adults with cancer pain

1 finding from 1 review

Codeine, alone and with paracetamol (acetaminophen), for cancer pain 2014 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Very low

Intervention not reported

Pain free response at 2 h · adults with migraine headache ‐ moderate or severe pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Headache relief at 2 h · adults with migraine headache ‐ moderate or severe pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low

Intervention not reported

Headache relief at 1 h · adults with migraine headache ‐ moderate or severe pain

1 finding from 1 review

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) with or without an antiemetic for acute migraine headaches in adults 2013 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
Low