Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,535 questions · 3,601 findings · 252 reviews · Pregnancy and Childbirth

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No studies found 726 · 20.2%GRADE not reported 421 · 11.7%Very low 828 · 23%Low 993 · 27.6%Moderate 486 · 13.5%High 147 · 4.1%

Yoga vs control

Satisfaction with childbirth experience ‐ not reported · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low

Yoga vs control

Breastfeeding · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Yoga vs control

Instrumental vaginal birth · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Yoga vs control

Caesarean section · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Music vs control

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 217 participants
Very low

Music vs control

Satisfaction with pain relief · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Music vs control

Sense of control in labour ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Music vs control

Satisfaction with childbirth experience ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Music vs control

Breastfeeding · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Relaxation vs usual care

Satisfaction with pain relief · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether relaxation changes satisfaction with pain relief (higher proportion high satisfaction) compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 8 [1.1, 58.19]
1 study · 40 participants
Very low

Music vs control

Instrumental vaginal birth · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether music changes assisted vaginal birth compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.41 [0.08, 2.05]
1 study · 156 participants
Very low

Music vs control

Caesarean section · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether music changes caesarean section compared with control (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.78 [0.36, 1.7]
2 studies · 216 participants
Very low

Relaxation vs usual care

Sense of control in labour ‐ not reported · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Relaxation vs usual care

Satisfaction with childbirth experience (higher scores indicate more satisfaction) · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
3 studies · 1176 participants
Very low

Relaxation vs usual care

Breastfeeding · women in labour

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Relaxation vs usual care

Instrumental vaginal birth · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether relaxation changes assisted vaginal birth compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.61 [0.2, 1.84]
4 studies · 1122 participants
Very low

Relaxation vs usual care

Caesarean section · women in labour

It is very uncertain whether relaxation changes caesarean section compared with usual care (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.73 [0.26, 2.01]
4 studies · 1122 participants
Very low

Yoga vs control

Participant‐reported pain intensity VAS (0‐10, lower score = less pain) · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low

Yoga vs control

Satisfaction with pain relief · women in labour

1 finding from 1 review

Relaxation techniques for pain management in labour 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 66 participants
Low

Summary of findings for selective ß2‐adrenergic agonist vs no tocolytic agent, whilst awaiting emergency delivery

Perinatal death or severe morbidity · women with fetal distress for whom the decision had been made to delivery by emergency caesarean section

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Acute tocolysis for uterine tachysystole or suspected fetal distress 2018 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found