Caries increment in permanent teeth · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine varnish (10% and 40%) changes caries increment in permanent dentition (DMFS; higher values… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Signs of acute toxicity during gel application (nausea, gagging, vomiting) · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or less
It is very uncertain whether fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any… changes signs of acute toxicity during gel application (nausea, gagging,… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion developing new caries · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or younger (permanent dentition)
Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any… led to lower proportion of children developing new caries compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects: dental fluorosis · Populations of all ages (mostly children) exposed to drinking water with differing fluoride concentrations
Higher water fluoride concentration (fluoridated water; natural or… may leads to higher dental fluorosis of any level (all severities) compared with lower water fluoride concentration (concurrent control) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Chlorhexidine spray vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care)
Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Chlorhexidine toothpaste vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care)
Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment, surface index D(M)FS · Infants/young children (primary teeth; baseline about 1 to 3 years)
1 finding from 1 review
Number of children with a caries increment · Children (permanent teeth; baseline 8 to 10 years)
Xylitol lozenges (4.7 g/day) showed no clear difference in number of children with a caries increment compared with no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction or costs · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries in primary teeth: dmft (3 years) · general population
Fluoridated milk may leads to lower caries in primary teeth: dmft (3 years) compared with non-fluoridated milk (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Caries in deciduous teeth (change in dmft) · People of all ages in a community setting; the included caries studies were all in children aged 3 to 16 years
Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) may leads to lower caries in deciduous teeth (change in dmft) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Xylitol chewing gum vs No treatment or non-cariogenic control
Outcome not reported · Children and adults
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Chlorhexidine chewing gum vs Placebo or no intervention (including routine care)
Outcome not reported · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
Caries increment in permanent teeth · Children aged about 12 to 16 years (Hardwick 1982), community setting
Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) led to lower caries in permanent teeth (change in DMFS) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less); GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review
Elevated mutans streptococci levels (>=4 with caries screen; high vs low) · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
It is very uncertain whether chlorhexidine varnish (10%) changes elevated mutans streptococci levels (>=4 with caries screen; high vs… compared with placebo or no treatment (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries: dmfs increment (primary teeth) · Children and adolescents below 18 years at study start (included studies: children from birth to 15 years), with mixed, permanent or…
1 finding from 1 review
Change in proportion of caries-free children (deciduous teeth) · People of all ages in a community setting; the included caries studies were all in children aged 3 to 16 years
Initiation of water fluoridation (artificial or natural) may leads to higher change in proportion of caries-free children (deciduous teeth) compared with low/non-fluoridated water (0.4 ppm fluoride or less) (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Dental caries in permanent teeth · general population
Fluoridated milk may leads to lower caries in permanent teeth: DMFT (3 years) compared with non-fluoridated milk (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · Infants (primary teeth)
1 finding from 1 review
Proportion of children not remaining caries-free · Children and adolescents aged 16 years or younger (permanent dentition)
Fluoride gel (topically applied; operator- or self-applied; any… showed no clear difference in proportion of children not remaining caries-free compared with placebo or no treatment; GRADE not reported.
1 finding from 1 review