Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,018 questions · 3,100 findings · 369 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 774 · 25%GRADE not reported 108 · 3.5%Very low 727 · 23.5%Low 840 · 27.1%Moderate 474 · 15.3%High 177 · 5.7%

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Rescue treatment with anti‐VEGF agents · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to lower rescue treatment with anti‐VEGF agents compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Treatment with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to lower treatment with laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Progression to stage 2 with plus disease · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in progression to stage 2 with plus disease compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Progression to stage 3 ROP · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers probably leads to lower progression to stage 3 ROP compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Progression to stage 4 or 5 ROP · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers showed no clear difference in progression to stage 4 or 5 ROP compared with placebo or no treatment (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers vs placebo or no treatment

Arterial hypotension and/or bradycardia requiring treatment · Prevention of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants

Systemic administration of beta‐blockers may leads to higher arterial hypotension and/or bradycardia requiring treatment compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review