Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

272 questions · 286 findings · 20 reviews · Schizophrenia

No studies found 49 · 17.1%GRADE not reported 30 · 10.5%Very low 88 · 30.8%Low 42 · 14.7%Moderate 73 · 25.5%High 4 · 1.4%

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Adverse effects: specific ‐ doctors' assessment of adverse effects UKU (events) Medium‐term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes adverse effects: doctors' assessment of adverse effects UKU (events)… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy + risperidone vs placebo or supportive treatment

Satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group C cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early Endpoint data… compared with supportive therapy + placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy (specific preventive intervention) + needs‐based intervention + risperidone vs needs‐based intervention

Prodromal symptoms: transition to psychosis Endpoint data (events) · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes prodromal symptoms: transition to psychosis Endpoint data (events)… compared with needs‐based intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy (specific preventive intervention) + needs‐based intervention + risperidone vs needs‐based intervention

Satisfaction with treatment: 1. Leaving the study early ‐ long term · people in the prodromal stage of psychosis

It is very uncertain whether group B cognitive behavioural therapy: cognitive behavioural therapy… changes satisfaction with treatment: leaving the study early (events)… compared with needs‐based intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

BENZODIAZEPINES + ANTIPSYCHOTICS vs same enzodiazepines

Global state: no improvement ‐ medium termAs defined in each study · psychosis‐induced aggression or agitation

Benzodiazepines + antipsychotics showed no clear difference in global state: no improvement ‐ lorazepam + risperidone vs lorazepam… compared with same enzodiazepines (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride vs RISPERIDONE

Adverse effects: Clinically important general adverse effect ‐ short term (EPSEs requiring medication) · schizophrenia

It is very uncertain whether zuclopenthixol dihydrochloride changes adverse effects: Clinically important general adverse effect ‐ short… compared with risperidone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review