Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

1,138 questions · 1,154 findings · 139 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 184 · 15.9%GRADE not reported 183 · 15.9%Very low 273 · 23.7%Low 296 · 25.6%Moderate 171 · 14.8%High 47 · 4.1%

Antibiotics vs placebo

Treatment failure within 4 weeks ‐ current drugs only ‐ inpatient · exacerbations of COPD

Antibiotics showed no clear difference in treatment failure within 4 weeks ‐ current drugs only ‐ inpatient compared with placebo (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Muromonab‐CD3 (T cell) vs other antibody (stratified by comparator)

Treatment adverse events: fever, chills, malaise after drug administration · kidney transplant recipients: first rejection episode

Muromonab‐CD3 (T cell) may leads to higher treatment adverse events: fever, chills, malaise after drug… compared with other antibody (stratified by comparator) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Antibody (T cell) vs steroids

Treatment adverse events: fever, chills, malaise after drug administration · kidney transplant recipients: first rejection episode

It is very uncertain whether antibody (T cell) changes treatment adverse events: fever, chill, or malaise after drug… compared with steroid (stratified by antibody type) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Group‐based intervention As assessed by the ASI, TLFB or CIDI. High scores indicate greater symptom severity · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder
1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs psychological interventions

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Individual‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder
1 finding from 1 review

Non‐trauma‐focused psychological intervention for PTSD and SUD or PTSD only vs control intervention

Drug or alcohol use, or both following treatment completion ‐ Individual‐based intervention · Individuals with post‐traumatic stress disorder and comorbid substance use disorder

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

TMP/SMX vs placebo, no treatment or non‐PCP drug

All‐cause mortality ‐ sensitivity analysis · patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non‐HIV immunocompromised patients

TMP/SMX showed no clear difference in all cause mortality ‐ TMP/SMX versus placebo or no treatment compared with placebo, no treatment or non‐PCP drug (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

TMP/SMX vs placebo, no treatment or non‐PCP drug

Adverse events: severe adverse events requiring treatment discontinuation ‐ TMP/SMX versus placebo or no treatment Clinical and laboratory criteria and treatment discontinuations · patients with Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in non‐HIV immunocompromised patients

TMP/SMX showed no clear difference in adverse events: severe adverse events requiring treatment… compared with placebo, no treatment or non‐PCP drug (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review