Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

304 questions · 309 findings · 37 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 80 · 25.9%GRADE not reported 8 · 2.6%Very low 88 · 28.5%Low 75 · 24.3%Moderate 54 · 17.5%High 4 · 1.3%

Arginine butyrate plus standard care alone vs usual care

Ulcer healing · individuals with sickle cell disease and a leg ulcer

It is very uncertain whether arginine butyrate plus standard care alone changes complete leg ulcer closure (defined as 100% epithelization or skin… compared with standard care alone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) vs surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT)

Air leak requiring drainage · preterm infants with or at risk of respiratory distress syndrome

Surfactant administration via thin catheter (S‐TC) showed no clear difference in air leak requiring drainage compared with surfactant administration through an endotracheal tube (S‐ETT) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Acupuncture vs topical antibiotics

Participants who required surgical incision and drainage after the treatment period or seven days after diagnosis · people with acute hordeolum

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Minimally invasive step‐up approach: planned surgery vs. continued percutaneous drainage · people with necrotising pancreatitis

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes minimally invasive step‐up approach: planned surgery vs. continued… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Open surgical drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes open surgical drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Endoscopic drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes endoscopic drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

EUS‐guided drainage with nasocystic drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Open surgical drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Open surgical drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage Scale from: 0 to 100. Higher indicates better · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts
1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Endoscopic drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes endoscopic drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

EUS‐guided drainage with nasocystic drainage versus EUS‐guided drainage · patients with pancreatic pseudocysts

The intervention may leads to lower EUS‐guided drainage with nasocystic drainage versus EUS‐guided… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review