Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

187 questions · 200 findings · 44 reviews

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No studies found 34 · 17%GRADE not reported 39 · 19.5%Very low 45 · 22.5%Low 57 · 28.5%Moderate 19 · 9.5%High 6 · 3%

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Range of mandibular motion · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in range of mandibular motion compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (6 weeks) · Myofascial pain TMD
MD 1.40 [-7.19, 9.99]
1 study · 20 participants
GRADE not reported

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Severity of joint noise · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Patient discomfort · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Listed in Summary of findings 4 as 'Not reported'; this outcome was not reported by any included study for this comparison.
0 studies
No studies found

Occlusal splint vs Behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care management)

Participant satisfaction or quality of life · People with temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

Occlusal splint showed no clear difference in participant satisfaction or quality of life compared with behavioural therapy (counselling, CBT, relaxation, self-care…; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Occlusal interventions for managing temporomandibular disorders 2024 · Cochrane All outcomes
Short term (1 month) · Mixed TMD
MD -1.42 [-15.78, 12.94]
2 studies · 73 participants
GRADE not reported

Multicomponent motivational interviewing/self‐management intervention with a multi component education intervention vs telephone‐based individual educational counselling plus group education

Time to occurrence of new ulcer · s

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patient and lay carer education for preventing pressure ulceration in at‐risk populations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Multicomponent motivational interviewing/self‐management intervention with a multi component education intervention vs telephone‐based individual educational counselling plus group education

Proportion of participants developing a new ulcer · s

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Patient and lay carer education for preventing pressure ulceration in at‐risk populations 2021 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Global state: relapse (rehospitalised) · schizophrenia or related disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Behaviour: Leaving the study early (short‐term) · schizophrenia or related disorders

Avatar Therapy probably leads to higher leaving study early: for any reason – short term compared with supportive counselling (all short‐term) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.06
1 study · 150 participants
Moderate

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Anxiety (adverse effect, post‐intervention) · schizophrenia or related disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Quality of Life Manchester Short Assessment (MANSA) · schizophrenia or related disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 120 participants
Low

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Functioning: clinically important change · schizophrenia or related disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
0 studies · 0 participants
GRADE not reported

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Mental state · schizophrenia or related disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 124 participants
Low

Avatar Therapy vs supportive counselling (all short‐term)

Mental state: specific – insight – average attitude to voices score (BAVQ‐R, high = poor) – short term · schizophrenia or related disorders

1 finding from 1 review

Avatar Therapy for people with schizophrenia or related disorders 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 124 participants
Low

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Outcomes at end of treatment · adults with tinnitus

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Impact of tinnitus on quality of life · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Serious adverse effects · adults with tinnitus

CBT showed no clear difference in serious adverse effects compared with TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.45 [0.04, 4.64]
1 study · 42 participants
Low

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Depression · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Anxiety · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Health‐related quality of life · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low

CBT vs TRT (directive counselling and bilateral masking)

Negatively biased interpretations of tinnitus · adults with tinnitus

1 finding from 1 review

Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 42 participants
Low