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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

173 questions · 180 findings · 26 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 33 · 18.3%GRADE not reported 9 · 5%Very low 35 · 19.4%Low 58 · 32.2%Moderate 33 · 18.3%High 12 · 6.7%

Combined oral and intravenous vs oral or intravenous alone

Wound infection · colorectal surgery

Combined oral and intravenous leads to lower surgical wound infection: oral + iv versus iv alone compared with oral or intravenous alone (high certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Azithromycin vs erythromycin

Bacteriological failure · Adults and children with cholera diarrhoea

Azithromycin showed no clear difference in bacteriological failure compared with erythromycin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tetracycline vs doxycycline

Bacteriological failure · Adults and children with cholera diarrhoea

Tetracycline probably leads to lower bacteriological failure compared with doxycycline (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Tetracycline vs quinolones

Bacteriological failure · Adults and children with cholera diarrhoea

Tetracycline showed no clear difference in bacteriological failure compared with quinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Doxycycline vs quinolones

Bacteriological failure · Adults and children with cholera diarrhoea

Doxycycline may leads to higher bacteriological failure compared with quinolones (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Azithromycin vs ciprofloxacin

Bacteriological failure · Adults and children with cholera diarrhoea

Azithromycin may leads to lower bacteriological failure compared with ciprofloxacin (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levofloxacin vs ciprofloxacin

Microbiological efficacy ‐ pathogen eradication · patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

It is very uncertain whether levofloxacin changes microbiological efficacy ‐ pathogen eradication compared with ciprofloxacin (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ciprofloxacin vs fluoroquinolones

Clinical efficacy ‐ cure or improvement at · patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

It is very uncertain whether ciprofloxacin changes clinical efficacy ‐ cure or improvement at end of treatment compared with comparator fluoroquinolone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Ciprofloxacin vs fluoroquinolones

Adverse effects of treatment ‐ any adverse effects · patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

Ciprofloxacin showed no clear difference in adverse effects of treatment ‐ any adverse effects compared with comparator fluoroquinolone (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Levofloxacin vs fluoroquinolones

Microbiological efficacy ‐ pathogen eradication · patients with chronic bacterial prostatitis

It is very uncertain whether levofloxacin changes microbiological efficacy ‐ pathogen eradication compared with comparator fluoroquinolone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review