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Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
5,762 questions in 263 reviews · Dental caries
current versionsNo studies 321 · 5.6%Ungraded 4,450 · 77.2%Very low 455 · 7.9%Low 297 · 5.2%Moderate 200 · 3.5%High 39 · 0.7%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
AMELX rs17878486 CT genotype vs CC genotype Dental caries susceptibility · Ethnicity: Caucasian (n=2) individuals with caries/high caries and controls · Ethnicity: Caucasian (n=2) Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.00 [0.12, 8.23] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
CT genotype of AMELX rs17878486 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs17878486 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.00 [0.12, 8.23] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Vegetarian diet (any diet excluding all meat, poultry and fish) vs Nonvegetarian diet Dental caries (mean DMFT score) · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health · Adults only Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. (2020) | MD -0.09 [-0.32, 0.13] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Fluoride varnish applied biannually vs Fissure sealant (resin-based or glass ionomer) Caries incidence of occlusal surfaces of first permanent molars · Generally healthy children aged 6 to 9 years with at least one fully erupted first permanent molar with deep fissures… · 2 to 3 years, Sensitivity analysis excluding Bravo 1996 (high risk of bias) Comparison between Fissure Sealant and Fluoride Varnish on Caries Prevention for First Permanent Molars: a… (2020) | RR 0.98 [0.82, 1.16] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
TT genotype of AMELX rs6639060 vs CC + CT genotype of AMELX rs6639060 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Age group: Adults Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.00 [0.42, 2.39] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Tooth-coloured direct restorative materials (composite, compomer, giomer, RMGIC, HVGIC, open-sandwich) vs No comparator group (single-arm pooled success rate; materials/techniques contrasted via moderator analyses) Retention success rate · Children with primary molars requiring proximal (Class II) restorations · 24 months, Use of cavity conditioner: No Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.973 [0.695, 0.998] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Marginal integrity success rate · Cavity form: Conventional cavity design Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.921 [0.877, 0.950] | 19 studies | Ungraded |
GG genotype of ENAM rs1264848 vs AA genotype of ENAM rs1264848 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 0.67 [0.18, 2.45] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
AMELX rs946252 TT genotype vs CC genotype Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals with caries/high caries and caries-free or low-caries controls · Control group: Low caries (n=1) Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.03 [0.28, 3.75] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Traditional bur cavity preparation vs Er,Cr:YSGG laser cavity preparation Incidence of microleakage · Human teeth requiring cavity preparation and restoration (in vitro) · Whole marginal line Does Er,Cr:YSGG reduce the microleakage of restorations when used for cavity preparation? A systematic… (2020) | RR 1.27 [0.44, 3.67] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
CT genotype of AMELX rs17878486 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs17878486 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.45 [0.36, 5.80] | 4 studies · 442 participants | Ungraded |
T allele of AMELX rs946252 vs C allele of AMELX rs946252 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.01 [0.68, 1.51] | 3 studies · 298 participants | Ungraded |
All fluorescence-based devices (red, blue, and green fluorescence combined) vs Reference standard: histology, enhanced visual examination with or without radiographs, or excavation Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) (detection of early enamel caries, D1 threshold) · Children or adults presenting asymptomatically or suspected of having enamel caries (in vivo/clinical studies);… · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo studies) Fluorescence devices for the detection of dental caries (2020) · Cochrane | DOR 14.12 [11.17, 17.84] | 79 studies | Low |
TT genotype of AMELX rs6639060 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs6639060 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.04 [0.43, 2.51] | 1 study | Ungraded |
LTF rs1126478 GG genotype vs AA genotype Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals with caries/high caries and caries-free or low-caries controls · Overall (n=4) Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.03 [0.80, 1.33] | 4 studies · 2662 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Absence of recurrent caries success rate · Rubber dam isolation: Yes Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.911 [0.825, 0.957] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Absence of recurrent caries success rate · Financial source: Public Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.895 [0.822, 0.941] | 12 studies | Ungraded |
CT + TT genotype (T-allele carriers) of ENAM rs3796703 vs CC genotype of ENAM rs3796703 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Age group: Children Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 0.90 [0.23, 3.63] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Anatomic form success rate · Financial source: Private or mixed Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.850 [0.678, 0.939] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
G allele of LTF rs1126478 vs A allele of LTF rs1126478 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Age group: Children Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 0.98 [0.87, 1.10] | 4 studies | Ungraded |
T allele of AMELX rs2106416 vs C allele of AMELX rs2106416 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.25 [0.77, 2.03] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Absence of recurrent caries success rate · Assessor blinding (triple-blind): No Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.958 [0.924, 0.978] | 12 studies | Ungraded |
T allele of AMELX rs17878486 vs C allele of AMELX rs17878486 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Age group: Children Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 2.48 [0.76, 8.05] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
CT genotype of AMELX rs2106416 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs2106416 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 0.55 [0.13, 2.25] | 3 studies · 285 participants | Ungraded |
Tooth-coloured direct restorative materials (composite, compomer, giomer, RMGIC, HVGIC, open-sandwich) vs No comparator group (single-arm pooled success rate; materials/techniques contrasted via moderator analyses) Retention success rate · Children with primary molars requiring proximal (Class II) restorations · 24 months, Random assignment: Correct Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.851 [0.716, 0.929] | 15 studies | Ungraded |
GG genotype of ENAM rs3796704 vs AA + AG genotype of ENAM rs3796704 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.41 [1.06, 1.87] | 4 studies · 1107 participants | Ungraded |
AMELX rs946252 CT genotype vs CC genotype Dental caries susceptibility · Ethnicity: Mixed (n=1) individuals with caries/high caries and controls · Ethnicity: Mixed (n=1) Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 0.95 [0.40, 2.25] | 1 study | Ungraded |
TT genotype of AMELX rs946252 vs CC + CT genotype of AMELX rs946252 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Age group: Children Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.26 [0.56, 2.83] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Absence of recurrent caries success rate · Study design: Nonrandomized controlled trial Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.865 [0.759, 0.929] | 11 studies | Ungraded |
CT + TT genotype (T-allele carriers) of AMELX rs946252 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs946252 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.21 [0.68, 2.14] | 3 studies · 298 participants | Ungraded |
AMELX rs6639060 TT genotype vs CC + CT genotype Dental caries susceptibility · Ethnicity: Caucasian (n=1) individuals with caries/high caries and controls · Ethnicity: Caucasian (n=1) Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.00 [0.42, 2.39] | 1 study | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide · Europe Dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children's worldwide, 1995 to 2019: a systematic review and… (2020) | Prevalence 0.441 [0.361, 0.525] | 22 studies · 115141 participants | Ungraded |
CT + TT genotype (T-allele carriers) of AMELX rs2106416 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs2106416 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.25 [0.69, 2.27] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
G allele of ENAM rs3796704 vs A allele of ENAM rs3796704 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.38 [1.08, 1.76] | 4 studies · 1107 participants | Ungraded |
GG genotype of ENAM rs3796704 vs AA + AG genotype of ENAM rs3796704 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.41 [1.04, 1.91] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Intraglandular botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injection vs No BoNT (placebo or pre-treatment baseline) New dental caries development · Patients with drooling (sialorrhea) due to neurological disease · BoNT-B 2500 U vs placebo (Isaacson RCT) Oral health effects of botulinum toxin treatment for drooling: a systematic review. (2020) | RR 2.4 [0.48, 11.80] | 1 study | Ungraded |
All fluorescence-based devices (red, blue, and green fluorescence combined) vs Reference standard: histology, enhanced visual examination with or without radiographs, or excavation Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) by subgroup: Single site per tooth (detection of early enamel caries, D1 threshold) · Children or adults presenting asymptomatically or suspected of having enamel caries (in vivo/clinical studies);… · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo studies), Single site per tooth Fluorescence devices for the detection of dental caries (2020) · Cochrane | DOR 15.96 [12.26, 20.77] | NR | Ungraded |
CT + TT genotype (T-allele carriers) of AMELX rs946252 vs CC genotype of AMELX rs946252 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Control group: Caries-free Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 1.63 [0.67, 4.01] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
All fluorescence-based devices (red, blue, and green fluorescence combined) vs Reference standard: histology, enhanced visual examination with or without radiographs, or excavation Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) by subgroup: Radiography reference standard (detection of early enamel caries, D1 threshold) · Children or adults presenting asymptomatically or suspected of having enamel caries (in vivo/clinical studies);… · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo studies), Radiography reference standard Fluorescence devices for the detection of dental caries (2020) · Cochrane | DOR 6.21 [2.58, 14.97] | NR | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Marginal integrity success rate · Reporting bias: Yes Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.935 [0.767, 0.984] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
All fluorescence-based devices (red, blue, and green fluorescence combined) vs Reference standard: histology, enhanced visual examination with or without radiographs, or excavation Diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) by subgroup: Enhanced visual examination reference standard (detection of early enamel caries, D1 threshold) · Children or adults presenting asymptomatically or suspected of having enamel caries (in vivo/clinical studies);… · Up to 3 months between index test and reference standard (in vivo studies), Enhanced visual examination reference standard Fluorescence devices for the detection of dental caries (2020) · Cochrane | DOR 19.32 [12.37, 30.17] | NR | Ungraded |
ENAM rs3796703 TT genotype vs CC + CT genotype Dental caries susceptibility · Ethnicity: Asian (n=2) individuals with caries/high caries and controls · Ethnicity: Asian (n=2) Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 2.90 [0.92, 9.12] | 2 studies | Ungraded |
AG + GG genotype (G-allele carriers) of ENAM rs3796704 vs AA genotype of ENAM rs3796704 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Ethnicity: Caucasian Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 2.16 [1.05, 4.45] | 3 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Anatomic form success rate · Assessor blinding (triple-blind): Yes Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.852 [0.760, 0.912] | 14 studies | Ungraded |
LTF rs11716497 variant vs Reference allele/genotype Dental caries · Human subjects with dental caries and caries-free controls · Single study (Doetzer et al. 2015) The association between genetic variants in lactotransferrin and dental caries: a meta- and gene-based… (2020) | OR 1.04 [0.90, 1.21] | 1 study · 677 participants | Ungraded |
Resin-based fissure sealant plus fluoride varnish vs Fluoride varnish alone Time taken to apply pit and fissure sealant or fluoride varnish · Children and adolescents from the general population, younger than 20 years of age at the start of the study Pit and fissure sealants versus fluoride varnishes for preventing dental decay in the permanent teeth of… (2020) · Cochrane | Splieth 2001: total time for sealing and resealing two teeth averaged 29 minutes over 2 years (about 17 minutes initial sealants); each fluoride varnish application under 3 minutes (total 9 minutes). | 1 study | Ungraded |
Vegetarian diet (any diet excluding all meat, poultry and fish) vs Nonvegetarian diet Presence of dental erosion · General population (children and adults) assessed for dental hard-tissue health · Adults only Vegetarian diet and its possible influence on dental health: A systematic literature review. (2020) | OR 2.94 [1.64, 5.26] | 5 studies | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Dental caries in permanent teeth · Children (permanent dentition) worldwide · Australia Dental caries in primary and permanent teeth in children's worldwide, 1995 to 2019: a systematic review and… (2020) | Prevalence 0.549 [0.509, 0.588] | 1 study · 612 participants | Ungraded |
TT genotype of AMELX rs946252 vs CC + CT genotype of AMELX rs946252 Dental caries susceptibility · Individuals assessed for dental caries (cases with caries/high caries vs. caries-free or low/very-low-caries controls) · Overall Association of LTF, ENAM, and AMELX polymorphisms with dental caries susceptibility: a meta-analysis. (2020) | OR 0.82 [0.43, 1.56] | 3 studies · 298 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Anatomic form success rate · Use of coat: No Success rate of proximal tooth-coloured direct restorations in primary teeth at 24 months: a meta-analysis. (2020) | Proportion 0.916 [0.808, 0.966] | 6 studies | Ungraded |