Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

3,454 questions · 3,562 findings · 816 reviews · Headline outcomes only

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No studies found 538 · 15.1%GRADE not reported 239 · 6.7%Very low 933 · 26.2%Low 1,041 · 29.2%Moderate 612 · 17.2%High 199 · 5.6%

Psychological interventions vs care

Sickness absence days, medium‐term · Depressed persons

1 finding from 1 review

Interventions to improve return to work in depressed people 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
9 studies · 1649 participants
Low

Cooling treatment (ice pack) vs no treatment

Maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Satisfaction with overall perineal care (good + very good + excellent) Day 10 · Women with perineal trauma (tear or episiotomy, or both) sustained during childbirth

It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack or cold gel pad) changes maternal views and experiences of treatment ‐ Satisfaction with… compared with no treatment (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local cooling for relieving pain from perineal trauma sustained during childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.07 [0.97, 1.18]
1 study · 308 participants
Very low

Cooling treatment (ice pack) vs cooling treatment (cold gel pad)

It is very uncertain whether cooling treatment (ice pack) changes maternal views and experiences with treatment ‐ Satisfaction with… compared with cooling treatment (cold gel pad) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Local cooling for relieving pain from perineal trauma sustained during childbirth 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 0.82 [0.73, 0.92]
1 study · 208 participants
Very low

Oscillating devices vs different oscillating devices

Sputum: weight (dry or wet) (g) · adults and children with cystic fibrosis

1 finding from 1 review

Oscillating devices for airway clearance in people with cystic fibrosis 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 24 participants
Low

High vs moderate protein concentration of human milk fortifier

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · promoting short‐term growth of preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
6 studies · 606 participants
Moderate

Moderate vs low protein concentration of human milk fortifier

Rate of weight gain (g/kg/day) · preterm infants

1 finding from 1 review

Comparison of different protein concentrations of human milk fortifier for promoting growth and neurological… 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
2 studies · 176 participants
Very low

Home vs inpatient induction with controlled release PGE

Neonatal infection · women having induction of labour at term

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Home vs inpatient induction with controlled release PGE

Serious neonatal morbidity or mortality (up to 28 days)№ of participants: (0 RCTs) · women having induction of labour at term

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Home vs inpatient induction with balloon or Foley catheter

Neonatal infection · women having induction of labour at term

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Home vs inpatient induction with balloon or Foley catheter

Serious neonatal morbidity or mortality (up to 28 days)№ of participants: (0 RCTs) · women having induction of labour at term

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Home vs inpatient induction with vaginal PGE

Neonatal infection · women having induction of labour at term

It is very uncertain whether home changes neonatal infection (up to 28 days)№ of participants: 821(1 RCT) compared with inpatient induction with vaginal PGE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Home versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.29 [0.59, 2.82]
Studies not reported
Very low

Home vs inpatient induction with vaginal PGE

Serious neonatal morbidity or mortality (up to 28 days)№ of participants: (0 RCTs) · women having induction of labour at term

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Home versus inpatient induction of labour for improving birth outcomes 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found

Drape vs no drape

Length of stay · women undergoing caesarean section

1 finding from 1 review

Skin preparation for preventing infection following caesarean section 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 603 participants
Moderate

Schema therapy vs usual care

Social functioning Assessed by: mean number of days until unsupervised leave grantedb Timing of assessment: over the 3 years · adults with antisocial personality disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions for antisocial personality disorder 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 30 participants
Very low

Dialectical Behaviour Therapy (DBT) vs usual care

Adverse events (self‐harm) Assessed by: mean number of self‐harm days in past 2 months Timing of assessment: 2 months · adults with antisocial personality disorder

1 finding from 1 review

Psychological interventions for antisocial personality disorder 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 14 participants
Very low

NSAIDs vs opioid

Patient‐reported pain intensity or pain relief (VAS, NRS or categorical scale) · acute soft tissue injury

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 706 participants
Low

NSAIDs vs opioid

Pain intensity VAS (0 to 100; 0 = no pain, 100 = worst pain) · acute soft tissue injury

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
no estimate extracted
1 study · 706 participants
Low

NSAIDs vs opioid

Little or no swelling on day 7 or later · acute soft tissue injury

It is very uncertain whether NSAID changes little or no swelling on day 7 or later compared with opioid (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.14 [0.61, 2.13]
1 study · 84 participants
Very low

NSAIDs vs opioid

Return to function on day 7 or later (numbers returning to full function or returning to training) · acute soft tissue injury

NSAID may leads to higher return to function on day 7 or later (numbers returning to full… compared with opioid (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.13 [1.03, 1.25]
2 studies · 749 participants
Low

NSAIDs vs combination (paracetamol and opioid) analgesic

Little or no pain at 1 to 3 days · people with acute soft tissue injury, such as ankle sprain

It is very uncertain whether NSAID changes little or no pain at 1 to 3 days compared with combination (paracetamol and opioid) analgesic (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.49 [0.65, 3.4]
2 studies · 149 participants
Very low
Oral non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs versus other oral analgesic agents for acute soft tissue injury 2020 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
RR 1.05 [0.88, 1.25]
2 studies · 138 participants
Very low