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What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,747 questions · 3,943 findings · 594 reviews

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No studies found 784 · 19.9%GRADE not reported 530 · 13.4%Very low 1,040 · 26.4%Low 981 · 24.9%Moderate 444 · 11.3%High 164 · 4.2%

Vitamin E vs placebo, no placebo or other supplements

Intrauterine growth restriction · pregnant women receiving vitamin E supplementation or control, living in areas where there is either inadequate dietary intake of vitamin…

Any vitamin E supplementation showed no clear difference in intrauterine growth restriction (various definitions) compared with placebo, no placebo or other supplements (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Intrauterine growth restriction · All pregnant women receiving either vitamin C supplementation or control either in areas where there is inadequate dietary intake or where…

The intervention showed no clear difference in intrauterine growth restriction (high certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Generic waiting list · patients needing elective specialist ambulatory visit or surgery

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Neuropsychiatric symptoms Measured using NPI. Severity of symptoms is measured on a scale of 0‐144. A higher score indicates worse symptoms · people with dementia
1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs disopyramide

Ventricular fibrillation · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes ventricular fibrillation compared with disopyramide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs disopyramide

Adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): cardiac blocks (high‐degree atrioventricular block and bundle) · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): cardiac blocks… compared with disopyramide (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs mexiletine

Ventricular fibrillation · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes ventricular fibrillation compared with mexiletine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs mexiletine

Adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): atrioventricular block · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): atrioventricular block compared with mexiletine (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs propafenone

Ventricular fibrillation · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes ventricular fibrillation compared with propafenone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs propafenone

Neuropsychiatric adverse event · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes adverse events (AEs; adverse drug reaction): neuropsychiatric… compared with propafenone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Lidocaine vs amiodarone

Ventricular fibrillation · patients with myocardial infarction

It is very uncertain whether lidocaine changes ventricular fibrillation compared with amiodarone (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review