Side effects · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
Tranexamic acid probably leads to higher side effects compared with placebo/no treatment (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Thromboembolic events · pregnant women undergoing vaginal or caesarean birth who received TA for the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage
Tranexamic acid showed no clear difference in thromboembolic events compared with placebo/no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neural tube defects (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
Supplementation with folate leads to lower neural tube defects (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Miscarriage · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in miscarriage (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cleft lip (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in cleft lip (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Cleft palate (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in cleft palate (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Congenital cardiovascular anomalies (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in congenital cardiovascular anomalies (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Other congenital anomalies (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
Supplementation with folate showed no clear difference in other congenital anomalies (All) compared with no intervention, placebo or other micronutrients without folate… (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal mortality · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal anaemia at or near term (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal red blood cell folate at or near term (All) · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
1 finding from 1 review
Serum folate at or near term · all women who become pregnant or were 12 or less weeks' pregnant at the time of the intervention
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal detection of small‐for‐dates · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
Tape measurement showed no clear difference in neonatal detection of small‐for‐dates compared with clinical palpation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neonatal detection of large‐for‐gestational age · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Perinatal mortality · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
Tape measurement showed no clear difference in perinatal mortality compared with clinical palpation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intrauterine death · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Caesarean section · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
It is very uncertain whether tape measurement changes caesarean section compared with clinical palpation (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Neurodevelopmental outcomes · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Admission to neonatal nursery · Pregnant women with singleton fetuses who were of 20 weeks' gestation and above.
Tape measurement showed no clear difference in admission to neonatal nursery compared with clinical palpation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Maternal death · pregnant women
Vitamin A alone showed no clear difference in maternal mortality compared with placebo or no treatment (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review