Gap finder
Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
1,518 questions in 135 reviews · Infectious Diseases
current versionsNo studies 135 · 8.9%Ungraded 150 · 9.9%Very low 350 · 23.1%Low 420 · 27.7%Moderate 321 · 21.1%High 142 · 9.4%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
RotaTeq vs placebo Serious adverse events: intussusception · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.33 [0.01, 8.16] | 2 studies · 7488 participants | Low |
Rotasiil vs placebo Severe cases of rotavirus diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.52 [0.33, 0.81] | 2 studies · 11008 participants | High |
Rotasiil vs placebo Severe cases of rotavirus diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.56 [0.42, 0.74] | 2 studies · 11008 participants | High |
Rotasiil vs placebo Severe cases of all‐cause diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.92 [0.84, 1.01] | 2 studies · 11008 participants | High |
Rotasiil vs placebo Severe cases of all‐cause diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.94 [0.88, 1.01] | 2 studies · 11008 participants | High |
Rotasiil vs placebo All‐cause death · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.14 [0.82, 1.59] | 2 studies · 11586 participants | Moderate |
Rotasiil vs placebo All serious adverse events · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.92, 1.04] | 3 studies · 11646 participants | High |
Rotasiil vs placebo Serious adverse events: intussusception · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.98 [0.35, 2.74] | 2 studies · 11586 participants | Low |
Rotarix vs placebo All‐cause death · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.71 [0.17, 2.88] | 10 studies · 20361 participants | Low |
Rotavac vs placebo Severe cases of rotavirus diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.43 [0.3, 0.6] | 1 study · 6799 participants | Moderate |
Rotavac vs placebo Severe cases of rotavirus diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.46 [0.35, 0.6] | 1 study · 6541 participants | Moderate |
Rotavac vs placebo Severe cases of all‐cause diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.71, 0.98] | 1 study · 6799 participants | Moderate |
Rotavac vs placebo Severe cases of all‐cause diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Rotavac vs placebo All‐cause death · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.88 [0.5, 1.56] | 2 studies · 8155 participants | Very low |
Rotavac vs placebo All serious adverse events · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.93 [0.85, 1.02] | 3 studies · 8210 participants | Moderate |
Rotavac vs placebo Serious adverse events: intussusception · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.33 [0.35, 5.02] | 4 studies · 8582 participants | Very low |
Rotarix vs placebo All serious adverse events · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.72, 1.1] | 12 studies · 18971 participants | High |
Rotarix vs placebo Serious adverse events: intussusception · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.42 [0.52, 3.87] | 10 studies · 20773 participants | Low |
Rotarix vs placebo Severe cases of rotavirus diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.21 [0.16, 0.29] | 4 studies · 31671 participants | High |
Rotarix vs placebo Severe cases of rotavirus diarrhoea · children Vaccines for preventing rotavirus diarrhoea: vaccines in use (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.23 [0.17, 0.29] | 3 studies · 23834 participants | High |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with moderate to high endemicity of P falciparum malaria (≥ 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.76 [0.58, 5.36] | 1 study · 786 participants | Low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.34 [0.06, 1.97] | 1 study · 1393 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.22, 3.62] | 1 study · 1521 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.25 [0.25, 6.31] | 1 study · 1679 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.18 [0.08, 0.4] | 1 study · 1232 participants | Low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.15 [0.1, 0.24] | 5 studies · 6896 participants | Low |
MDA vs no MDA Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 1.38 [0.97, 1.95] | 2 studies · 3325 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.81 [0.44, 1.48] | 1 study · 1537 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.38, 1.83] | 1 study · 1393 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.89 [0.41, 1.94] | 1 study · 1521 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P vivax malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 1.2 [0.44, 3.29] | 1 study · 1679 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia incidence · People of all ages living in an area with moderate to high endemicity of P falciparum malaria (≥ 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.61 [0.4, 0.92] | 1 study · 739 participants | Moderate |
MDA vs no MDA Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with moderate to high endemicity of P falciparum malaria (≥ 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.41 [0.04, 4.42] | 1 study · 144422 participants | Low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.12 [0.03, 0.52] | 1 study · 1232 participants | Low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.25 [0.15, 0.41] | 7 studies · 17454 participants | Low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.37 [0.21, 0.66] | 1 study · 736 participants | Moderate |
MDA vs no MDA Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria (< 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.58 [0.12, 2.73] | 2 studies · 130651 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Parasitaemia prevalence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | RR 0.82 [0.2, 3.34] | 1 study · 1537 participants | Very low |
MDA vs no MDA Confirmed malaria illness incidence · People of all ages living in an area with very low to low endemicity of P falciparum malaria ( < 10% prevalence) Mass drug administration for malaria (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.77 [0.2, 3.03] | 1 study · 23251 participants | Very low |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF Test result · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants were unselected, meaning they were not enrolled in a… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF False positive (FP) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis Role: an initial test Index tests: Xpert Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 692 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF True positives (TP) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants were unselected, meaning they were not enrolled in a… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 983 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF False negatives (FN) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants were unselected, meaning they were not enrolled in a… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 983 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF True negatives (TN) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants were unselected, meaning they were not enrolled in a… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 1852 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF False positives (FP) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis. Participants were unselected, meaning they were not enrolled in a… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 1852 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF Test result · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis Role: an initial test Index tests: Xpert Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF True positives (TP) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis Role: an initial test Index tests: Xpert Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 238 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF False negatives (FN) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis Role: an initial test Index tests: Xpert Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 238 participants | High |
Xpert Ultra vs Xpert MTB/RIF True negatives (TN) · adults with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis Role: an initial test Index tests: Xpert Ultra and Xpert MTB/RIF… Xpert Ultra versus Xpert MTB/RIF for pulmonary tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance in adults with… (2021) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 692 participants | High |
Intervention NR Clinical malaria · children under 12 months of age Intermittent preventive treatment for malaria in infants (2021) · Cochrane | Rate ratio 0.78 [0.69, 0.88] | 8 studies · 8774 participants | Moderate |