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Search review questions
Each row is one question a systematic review asked: who, what, compared with what, and which outcome, with the effect it found and how certain that is. Words match anywhere in the field.
915 questions in 93 reviews · Emergency and Critical Care
current versionsNo studies 141 · 15.4%Ungraded 22 · 2.4%Very low 216 · 23.6%Low 272 · 29.7%Moderate 188 · 20.5%High 76 · 8.3%
Ungraded means an effect was reported without a GRADE rating; it is not a gap. No studies means the review found nothing to answer the question. The six categories are a display order, not a score.
| Question | Effect | Evidence | Status / GRADE |
|---|---|---|---|
Intervention NR Opioid vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Typical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 618 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Atypical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 577 participants | High |
Intervention NR Statin (HMG‐CoA) vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 272 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Alpha2 agonist vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Cholinesterase inhibitor vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 104 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Atypical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adults with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 500 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Opioid vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Typical AP vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 479 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Atypical AP vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 511 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Statin (HMG‐CoA)vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 369 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Alpha2 agonistvs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Cholinesterase Inhibitor vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 104 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Opioid vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Typical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 656 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Atypical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 577 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Typical antipsychoticvs atypical antipsychotic · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 447 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Statin (HMG‐CoA) vs placebo · critically ill adults with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 414 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Alpha2 agonist vs typical antipsychotic · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 20 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Alpha2 agonist vs 5HT3 inhibitor · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 64 participants | Ungraded |
Intervention NR Alpha2 agonist vs placebo · critically ill adults with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 71 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Cholinesterase inhibitor vs placebo · critically ill adults with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 104 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Opioid vs placebo · critically ill adults with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 0 studies · 0 participants | Very low |
Intervention NR Typical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 588 participants | Low |
Intervention NR Atypical antipsychotic vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 440 participants | Moderate |
Intervention NR Statin (HMG‐CoA) vs placebo · critically ill adult with confirmed or at high risk of delirium Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of delirium in critically ill adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 2 studies · 414 participants | Moderate |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition All‐cause mortality (longest period reported) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.79 [0.59, 1.07] | 10 studies · 1015 participants | Low |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition ICU LOS (days) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 8 studies · 639 participants | Very low |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition Ventilator days (days) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 581 participants | Very low |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition Indices of oxygenation (measured as PaO₂/FiO₂ ratio at day 4) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 659 participants | Very low |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition Cardiac adverse events (study author reported anytime during study period) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.87 [0.09, 8.46] | 3 studies · 339 participants | Very low |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition Gastrointestinal adverse events (study author reported anytime during study period) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1.11 [0.71, 1.75] | 4 studies · 427 participants | Very low |
Omega‐3 fatty acids and antioxidants vs placebo or standard nutrition Total number of adverse events (study author reported anytime during study period) · adults (aged 18 years or older), mechanically ventilated participants with ARDS as defined by the Berlin definition of… Immunonutrition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in adults (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.91 [0.67, 1.23] | 5 studies · 517 participants | Very low |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Overall mortality (in‐hospital death) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 14 studies · 19664 participants | High |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Acute renal Injury (defined as RIFLE or AKIN criteria by study authors) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 9 studies · 18701 participants | Low |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Organ system dysfunction (during admission) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 5 studies · 266 participants | Very low |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Electrolyte disturbances · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Plasma potassium, mmol/L (during admission) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 4 studies · 158 participants | Very low |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Plasma chloride, mmol/L (during admission) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 7 studies · 351 participants | Very low |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Plasma pH (during admission) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 200 participants | Very low |
Buffered solutions vs 0.9% saline Plasma bicarbonate, mmol/L (during admission) · critically ill adults and children Buffered solutions versus 0.9% saline for resuscitation in critically ill adults and children (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 6 studies · 344 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition vs delayed enteral nutrition Mortality (measured at 30 days) · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 1 [0.16, 6.38] | 1 study · 38 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition with supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) vs delayed enteral nutrition with SPN Hospital length of stay (measured in days) · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Early enteral nutrition with supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) vs delayed enteral nutrition with SPN Duration of mechanical ventilation (measured in days) ( · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 27 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition with supplemental parenteral nutrition (SPN) vs delayed enteral nutrition with SPN Pneumonia (as defined by the authors) ( · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | NR | No studies |
Early enteral nutrition vs delayed enteral nutrition Infectious complications (independent of specific site, as defined by the trial authors) ( · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 156 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition vs delayed enteral nutrition Feed intolerance or gastrointestinal complications (as defined by the trial authors, vomiting, diarrhoea, high gastric residual volume, or gastrointestinal bleeding) ( · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.84 [0.35, 2.01] | 1 study · 59 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition vs delayed enteral nutrition Hospital length of stay (measured in days) · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 1 study · 59 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition vs delayed enteral nutrition Duration of mechanical ventilation (measured in days) ( · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | no estimate extracted | 3 studies · 125 participants | Very low |
Early enteral nutrition vs delayed enteral nutrition Pneumonia (as defined by the authors) ( · critically ill adults Early enteral nutrition (within 48 hours) versus delayed enteral nutrition (after 48 hours) with or without… (2019) · Cochrane | RR 0.77 [0.55, 1.06] | 4 studies · 192 participants | Very low |