Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

459 questions · 589 findings · 78 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 64 · 10.9%GRADE not reported 366 · 62.1%Very low 90 · 15.3%Low 49 · 8.3%Moderate 10 · 1.7%High 10 · 1.7%

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)
1 finding from 1 review

Triclosan/copolymer-containing fluoride toothpaste vs Sodium fluoride (control) toothpaste

Adverse events · Adolescents and adults aged over 16 years with clinical or self-assessed halitosis of oral origin; excluding induced or physiological…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for managing halitosis 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 1 week
    Adverse events: listed in the Summary of findings table but no data reported. No data were reported for adverse events.
    0 studies
    No studies found

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) following extractions vs penicillin G

Incidence of ORN · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)

It is very uncertain whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) following extractions changes incidence of ORN compared with perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (penicillin G) following… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) following extractions vs penicillin G

Adverse effects · Adults with head and neck cancer undergoing curative or adjuvant radiotherapy (at risk of osteoradionecrosis of the jaws)
1 finding from 1 review

Ferric sulphate (FS) + mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) vs Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)

Outcome not reported · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth
1 finding from 1 review
  • Pulp treatment for extensive decay in primary teeth 2018 · Cochrane All outcomes
    mean 22 months
    Assessed pain, soft tissue pathology, mobility, radiolucency, root resorption, pulp canal obliteration (Doyle 2010); no clinical/radiological failure outcome; no significant differences
    1 study · 130 participants
    GRADE not reported

Fluoride-free nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) dentifrice/paste vs Sodium fluoride (control) toothpaste

Mineral loss (transversal microradiography) · Enamel/dentin specimens with initial caries lesions (or sound surfaces) in intraoral (in situ) appliances worn by patients

Under demineralizing conditions, nHA allowed significantly more enamel demineralization than NaF (MD 1625, 95% CI 553 to 2697; very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Visual classification: ERK (Ekstrand-Ricketts-Kidd system) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, radiographs/microCT, or tooth separation)

Specificity for detection of enamel caries · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Visual classification: ERK (Ekstrand-Ricketts-Kidd system) vs Reference standard (histology, excavation, radiographs/microCT, or tooth separation)

Sensitivity for detection of enamel caries · Asymptomatic children, adolescents, or adults presenting for clinical examination (in vivo studies), or extracted teeth of children or…
1 finding from 1 review

Ferric sulphate (FS)/zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) pulpotomy vs Sedanol (ZOE) pulpectomy

Radiological failure · Children with extensive decay involving the dental pulp in primary teeth

Ferric sulphate (FS)/zinc oxide and eugenol (ZOE) pulpotomy showed no clear difference in radiological failure compared with sedanol (ZOE) pulpectomy; GRADE not reported.

1 finding from 1 review

Dietary supplements (hypericum perforatum / St John's Wort) vs placebo

Relief of burning/discomfort (symptom relief; pain intensity) · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months) · hypericum perforatum
    Hypericum perforatum extract (Sardella 2008, the only low-risk-of-bias study) contributes to the dietary supplements short-term symptom-relief comparison (insufficient/contradictory); no separate estimate reported.
    1 study · 43 participants
    GRADE not reported

Dietary supplements (hypericum perforatum / St John's Wort) vs placebo

QoL · People with primary burning mouth syndrome (BMS), that is, oral mucosal pain with no dental or medical cause for such symptoms
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for treating burning mouth syndrome 2016 · Cochrane All outcomes
    short-term (up to 3 months) · hypericum perforatum
    Sardella 2008 (43 participants) evaluated QoL from patient self-reports and narratively indicated that both intervention and placebo participants were better able to cope at trial completion.
    1 study · 43 participants
    GRADE not reported

Electrical conductance (e.g. electronic caries monitor, ECM) vs Reference standard: histology or enhanced visual-tactile examination

Outcome not reported · Adults presenting asymptomatically or suspected of having root caries (in vivo); extracted teeth of adults (in vitro)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review
  • Electrical conductance was a pre-specified eligible index test but no diagnostic test accuracy study of electrical conductance was included. A study evaluating the electronic caries monitor (ECM) (Wicht 2002) was…
    0 studies
    No studies found

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Plaque · Children and adults with mixed levels of ID; setting home, residential, day care, school, mixed or not specified

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) showed no clear difference in plaque (medium term) compared with manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Behaviour, attitude and self-efficacy (participant/carer preference) · Children and adults with mixed levels of ID; setting home, residential, day care, school, mixed or not specified
1 finding from 1 review
  • Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Long term (>12 months)
    Comparison 2.8 (reported; not GRADE-rated). One NRS (Bratel 1991, 23 participants), self-efficacy at 16 months: 10/12 people with ID using the electric toothbrush reported a preference for it, finding it easier to use…
    1 study · 23 participants
    GRADE not reported

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Gingivitis · Children and adults with mixed levels of ID; setting home, residential, day care, school, mixed or not specified
1 finding from 1 review
  • Oral hygiene interventions for people with intellectual disabilities 2019 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Short term (<6 weeks)
    Electric vs manual toothbrush. Assorted gingival indices scale 0-4, 2-4 weeks; 252 participants (4 RCTs); Low. Four studies showed no significant differences for gingival inflammation short term; data could not be…
    4 studies · 252 participants
    Low

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Gingival inflammation (medium term) · Children and adults with mixed levels of ID; setting home, residential, day care, school, mixed or not specified

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) showed no clear difference in gingival inflammation (medium term) compared with manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review