Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

3,288 questions · 3,354 findings · 516 reviews · Headline outcomes only

No studies found 720 · 21.5%GRADE not reported 164 · 4.9%Very low 950 · 28.3%Low 932 · 27.8%Moderate 434 · 12.9%High 154 · 4.6%

Foam sclerotherapy vs placebo

Residual varicose veins · participants with varicose veinsa

It is very uncertain whether foam sclerotherapy changes residual varicose veins compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Opioid antagonists vs placebo

Treatment responseaClinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement Scale (CGI‐I) (no. of responders) & NIMH Trichotillomania Severity Scale (NIMH‐TSS) (no. of responders as > 50% reduction) · adults with trichotillomania

It is very uncertain whether opioid antagonists changes treatment responseaClinical Global Impressions ‐ Improvement Scale… compared with placebo (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Band ligation vs no intervention or a sham procedure

Oesophageal variceal bleeding · children with portal hypertension and large oesophageal varices, without previous gastrointestinal bleeding or beta‐blocker treatment

It is very uncertain whether band ligation changes oesophageal variceal bleeding compared with sham or no intervention (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Variceal band ligation(5 RCTs, 372 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes variceal band ligation(5 RCTs, 372 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Variceal band ligation(7 RCTs, 728 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes variceal band ligation(7 RCTs, 728 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Variceal band ligation(5 RCTs, 380 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes variceal band ligation(5 RCTs, 380 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Variceal band ligation(3 RCTs, 330 participants) · people with liver cirrhosis and oesophageal varices with no history of bleeding

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes variceal band ligation(3 RCTs, 330 participants) (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review