Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

178 questions · 200 findings · 12 reviews · Oral Health

No studies found 34 · 17%GRADE not reported 62 · 31%Very low 78 · 39%Low 25 · 12.5%Moderate 1 · 0.5%High 0 · 0%

Special manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Gingival inflammation (medium term) · Children and adults with mixed levels of ID; setting home, residential, day care, school, mixed or not specified

It is very uncertain whether special manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) changes gingival inflammation (medium term) compared with conventional manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted… (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Oral hygiene interventions (mechanical plaque removal): knowledge-based, behavioural, or skills training for people with ID or their carers vs Usual care, no care, or a similar alternative intervention

Quality of life changes or long-term, patient-centred outcomes (e.g. tooth retention) · People with intellectual disabilities (ID), living at home, in day care, in hospital or in a residential care setting; all levels of ID as…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) vs Manual toothbrush

Calculus · Children and adults with mixed levels of ID; setting home, residential, day care, school, mixed or not specified

Electric toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) showed no clear difference in calculus (medium term) compared with manual toothbrush (self, carer or carer-assisted brushing) (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Effervescent tablets vs No treatment (immersion in distilled water)

Microbial counts (total aerobes, anaerobes, yeasts) · Complete denture (CD) wearers in a nursing home
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for cleaning dentures in adults 2009 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Moore 1984: soaking methods resulted in significant reduction of total aerobes and anaerobes versus distilled water (paired t test, P < 0.05); three soaking methods (Clorox and Calgon, Polident, Effedent) were less…
    1 study · 12 participants
    GRADE not reported

Brushing vs No treatment (immersion in distilled water)

Microbial counts (total aerobes, anaerobes, yeasts) · Complete denture (CD) wearers in a nursing home
1 finding from 1 review
  • Interventions for cleaning dentures in adults 2009 · Cochrane All outcomes
    Moore 1984 found that the seven tested methods were similar and resulted in a significant reduction in total aerobes and anaerobes compared with immersion in distilled water (paired t test, P < 0.05). Some chemical…
    1 study · 12 participants
    GRADE not reported

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (proportion of bleeding sites) compared with toothbrushing alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Plaque · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing changes plaque compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether rubber/elastomeric cleaning stick plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (gingival index) compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Wooden cleaning stick plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

2 findings from 1 review

Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether interdental brushing plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (gingival index) compared with toothbrushing alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether oral irrigation plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (gingival index) compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Periodontitis (probing pocket depth) · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)
1 finding from 1 review

Oral irrigation plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether oral irrigation plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (gingival index) compared with toothbrushing alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review

Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing vs Flossing plus toothbrushing

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

Interdental brushing plus toothbrushing may leads to lower gingivitis (proportion of bleeding sites) compared with flossing plus toothbrushing (low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review · compare the 2 reviews

Flossing plus toothbrushing vs Toothbrushing alone

Gingivitis · Adults, 16 years and older (dentate)

It is very uncertain whether flossing plus toothbrushing changes gingivitis (proportion of bleeding sites) compared with toothbrushing alone (very low certainty).

2 findings from 1 review