Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

135 questions · 142 findings · 44 reviews

No studies found 25 · 17.6%GRADE not reported 17 · 12%Very low 21 · 14.8%Low 38 · 26.8%Moderate 25 · 17.6%High 16 · 11.3%

Intervention not reported

Mortality within the longest · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in mortality within the longest (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Mortality within the longest · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

It is very uncertain whether the intervention changes mortality within the longest (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Surgical site infection within 30 days in trials with low risk of bias (14 days to 30 days) · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in surgical site infection within 30 days in trials with low risk of… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Surgical site infection within 30 days, irrespective of risk of bias (14 days to 30 days) · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in surgical site infection within 30 days, irrespective of risk of bias… (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Intervention not reported

Respiratory insufficiency · surgical patients with need for abdominal, caesarean section, orthopaedic or breast surgery

The intervention showed no clear difference in respiratory insufficiency (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review