Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

127 questions · 175 findings · 35 reviews · All outcomes

No studies found 46 · 26.3%GRADE not reported 96 · 54.9%Very low 21 · 12%Low 3 · 1.7%Moderate 9 · 5.1%High 0 · 0%

COE with blood/salivary (biomarker) analysis vs Conventional oral examination (COE) alone

Outcome not reported · Apparently healthy adults not reporting symptoms of OPMD or OSCC, attending an organised screening or surveillance programme, or screened…

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Bleaching gel with added remineralising agent (fluoride, calcium, or CPP-ACP) vs Bleaching alone (no remineralising agent)

Whitening (bleaching) efficacy · Demineralised / white-spot-lesion enamel (in vitro specimens)

Low-quality in vitro evidence indicates that adding fluoride or other remineralising agents does not impair the whitening/bleaching effect (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Bleaching gel with added remineralising agent (fluoride, calcium, or CPP-ACP) vs Bleaching alone (no remineralising agent)

Enamel mineral loss / remineralisation · Demineralised / white-spot-lesion enamel (in vitro specimens)

Low-quality in vitro evidence indicates that adding fluoride, calcium or CPP-ACP to bleaching agents can reduce enamel mineral loss (ungraded).

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Sealant retention rate (completely retained) · Children with permanent molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants

At 12 months, Er:YAG laser combined with acid-etching significantly improved sealant retention versus acid-etching alone (OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.80, favouring laser+acid; ungraded, single study).

4 findings from 1 review
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Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Physiological stress indicators (heart rate, oxygen saturation) · Children (ages 6-12) receiving pit-and-fissure sealants

Heart rate and oxygen saturation did not differ significantly between laser-plus-acid and acid-etching (ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review

Er:YAG laser preparation combined with acid-etching vs Acid-etching (phosphoric acid)

Development of >=1 new carious lesion (caries incidence) · Children (high caries risk) with permanent molars requiring pit-and-fissure sealants

Caries incidence was 10% with laser-plus-acid versus 22% with acid-etching at 18 months, a non-significant difference (ungraded, single study).

1 finding from 1 review