Allergic adverse events · adults receiving mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours
Topical plus systemic prophylaxis showed no clear difference in allergic adverse events compared with placebo or no treatment (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All cause mortality · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy
Summary of findings: antibiotics leads to lower all cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Febrile patients and episodes · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy
Summary of findings: antibiotics probably leads to lower febrile patients and episodes compared with placebo or no intervention (moderate certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Bacteraemia · patients with afebrile neutropenia induced by chemotherapy
Summary of findings: antibiotics leads to lower bacteraemia compared with placebo or no intervention (high certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
All‐cause mortality · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics showed no clear difference in all‐cause mortality compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Laboratory‐confirmed leptospirosis · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes laboratory‐confirmed leptospirosis compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical diagnosis of infection regardless of laboratory confirmed · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics showed no clear difference in clinical diagnosis of infection regardless of laboratory confirmed compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Clinical diagnosis confirmed by laboratory diagnosis · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
Summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics showed no clear difference in clinical diagnosis confirmed by laboratory diagnosis compared with placebo or no intervention (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Serious adverse events ‐ not reported · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Quality of life ‐ not reported · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Non‐serious adverse events · farmworkers, soldiers, and people in endemic areas
It is very uncertain whether summary of findings table ‐ Antibiotics changes non‐serious adverse events compared with placebo or no intervention (very low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of S pneumoniae infection Isolated bacterial infection · children with SCD
Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis may leads to lower incidence of S pneumoniae infection Isolated bacterial infection compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Compliance with treatment · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years
The review found no eligible studies for this question.
1 finding from 1 review
no estimate extracted
Studies not reported
No studies found
Deaths · children with SCD
Summary of findings ‐ initiation of penicillin prophylaxis showed no clear difference in deaths compared with placebo (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Adverse effects · children with SCD
1 finding from 1 review
Compliance with treatment · children with SCD
1 finding from 1 review
Incidence of S pneumoniae Confirmed bacterial infection · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years
Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis showed no clear difference in incidence of S pneumoniae Confirmed bacterial infection compared with continuation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Deaths · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years
1 finding from 1 review
Nausea and vomiting · children with SCD who have been receiving prophylactic penicillin for at least two years
Summary of findings ‐ withdrawal of penicillin prophylaxis showed no clear difference in adverse effects: incidences of nausea and vomiting compared with continuation (low certainty).
1 finding from 1 review
Intervention not reported
Addition of feedback to enablement · adults or children undergoing inpatient antibiotic prophylaxis or treatment
1 finding from 1 review