Findings

What do systematic reviews say?

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Evidence found and GRADE certainty

2,511 questions · 2,668 findings · 290 reviews

No studies found 743 · 27.8%GRADE not reported 329 · 12.3%Very low 775 · 29%Low 484 · 18.1%Moderate 279 · 10.5%High 58 · 2.2%

Intervention not reported

Proportion free from all seizures (including auras, ILAE 1a) at 1 year · adults and children with drug‐resistant epilepsy suitable for surgical intervention

The intervention showed no clear difference in proportion free from all seizures (including auras, ILAE 1a) at 1 year (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Surgery for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    RR 0.92 [0.59, 1.46]
    1 study · 47 participants
    Low

Intervention not reported

Proportion free from all seizures (including auras) at 1 year · adults and children with drug‐resistant epilepsy suitable for surgical intervention

The intervention may leads to higher proportion free from all seizures (including auras) at 1 year (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review
  • Surgery for epilepsy 2019 · Cochrane Headline outcomes only
    RR 1.82 [1.12, 2.93]
    1 study · 70 participants
    Low

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

Failed blocks · children (≤ 18 years of age) undergoing any type of surgical procedure (open or laparoscopic) for which a neuraxial (spinal, epidural,…

Ultrasound guidance showed no clear difference in failed blocks compared with no ultrasound guidance (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

Minor complications (3 to 6 weeks · children (≤ 18 years of age) undergoing any type of surgical procedure (open or laparoscopic) for which a neuraxial (spinal, epidural,…

Ultrasound guidance showed no clear difference in minor complications compared with no ultrasound guidance (low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Ultrasound guidance vs no ultrasound

Major complications · children (≤ 18 years of age) undergoing any type of surgical procedure (open or laparoscopic) for which a neuraxial (spinal, epidural,…

Ultrasound guidance showed no clear difference in major complications compared with no ultrasound guidance (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplemental IV crystalloid vs control IV crystalloid volume

Nausea · participants aged 6 months or older undergoing surgical procedures under general anaesthesia

Supplemental IV crystalloid probably leads to lower risk of PON, defined as the presence of subjective nausea, reported… compared with control IV crystalloid volume (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplemental IV crystalloid vs control IV crystalloid volume

Risk of POV, reported dichotomously by any discrete episodes of vomiting · participants aged 6 months or older undergoing surgical procedures under general anaesthesia

Supplemental IV crystalloid probably leads to lower risk of POV, reported dichotomously by any discrete episodes of… compared with control IV crystalloid volume (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplemental IV crystalloid vs control IV crystalloid volume

Risk of requiring pharmacologic treatment for PONV, reported dichotomously as the use of any medication intended to treat nausea or vomiting during the postoperative period · participants aged 6 months or older undergoing surgical procedures under general anaesthesia

Supplemental IV crystalloid probably leads to lower risk of requiring pharmacologic treatment for PONV, reported… compared with control IV crystalloid volume (moderate certainty).

1 finding from 1 review

Supplemental IV crystalloid vs control IV crystalloid volume

Risk of suffering a serious adverse event, reported dichotomously as the occurrence of any of: admission to high‐dependency unit, postoperative cardiac or respiratory complication, or death · participants aged 6 months or older undergoing surgical procedures under general anaesthesia

The review found no eligible studies for this question.

1 finding from 1 review

Fish oil lipid emulsion (LE) vs non‐fish oil LE

PNALD/cholestasis (conjugated bilirubin ≥ 2 mg/dL) – pure F‐LE vs S‐LE · parenterally fed preterm infants with surgical conditions

It is very uncertain whether fish oil lipid emulsion (LE) changes PNALD/cholestasis (conjugated bilirubin ≥ 2 mg/dL) – pure F‐LE vs S‐LE compared with non‐fish oil LE (very low certainty).

1 finding from 1 review